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Biomedicine > Respiration + Skeletal/Muscular - TCM Seminars Tests > Flashcards

Respiration + Skeletal/Muscular - TCM Seminars Tests Flashcards

1
Q

The apex of the lungs is level with which vertebra?

C6
C7
T1
T2

A

T1

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2
Q

A 66-year-old male enters your clinic wanting to use holistic medicine to treat his breathing troubles. Upon further questioning you discover that he has recently received a diagnosis for COPD. What are two common diseases that precede Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease?

Asthma & Emphysema
Asthma & Chronic bronchitis
Emphysema & Chronic bronchitis
Sarcoidosis & Pulmonary fibrosis

A

Emphysema & Chronic bronchitis

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3
Q

Which of the following is a significant risk factor for COPD?

Cigarette smoking
Sugar consumption
Opiate use
Acid reflux

A

Cigarette smoking

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4
Q

Which of the following is the leading cause of cancer deaths among women in U.S.?

Breast cancer
Colorectal cancer
Ovarain cancer
Lung cancer

A

Breast cancer

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5
Q

Which of the following diseases shares many traits with Obstructive Pulmonary Disease?

Sarcoidosis
Emphysema
Asthma
Obesity hypoventilation syndrome

A

Asthma

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6
Q

Restrictive Pulmonary Disease shares traits with which of these diseases?

Asthma
Sarcoidosis
Obesity hypoventilation syndrome
Chronic bronchitis

A

Sarcoidosis

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7
Q

Which of the following pathogens is the causative agent of Whooping cough?

Epstein-Barr virus
Bordetella pertussis
Dengue virus
Rhinovirus

A

Bordetella pertussis

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8
Q

Which of the following correctly represents the brachial plexus pathway?

Roots - Trunks - Divisions - Cords - Branches
Cords - Branches - Trunks - Roots - Divisions
Branches - Cords - Trunks - Divisions - Roots
Trunks - Roots - Divisions - Branches - Cords

A

Roots - Trunks - Divisions - Cords - Branches

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9
Q

An elevation in uric acid levels typically indicates:

Cardiovascular disease
Pancreatitis
Liver disease
Gout

A

Gout

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10
Q

Your 67-year-old female patient of 10 years comes into the office describing her new diagnosis of osteoporosis. She desires a dietary plan going forward. Which of the following is considered a risk factor for osteoporosis?

Soy products
Smoking
Red Meat
Colas

A

smoking

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11
Q

A 20-year-old female enters your office complaining of bilateral swelling and tenderness of the fingers. Upon history taking you learn that this has been persisting for several weeks. Which of the following conditions is mostly likely?

Lateral epicondylitis
Osteoarthritis of the metatarsals
Rheumatoid arthritis
Osteoarthritis of the metacarpals

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

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12
Q

Which of the following deficiencies are caused by inadequate or defective mineralization of the skeleton? (Hint: This same condition is called rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults.)

Vitamin E Deficiency
Vitamin C deficiency
Vitamin K deficiency
Vitamin D deficiency

A

Vitamin D deficiency

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13
Q

A 35-year-old female complains of exquisite pain and swelling at the base of the big toe, first metatarsal interphalangeal joint. She also has pain on the in-step of the foot at the ankle, knees, and elbows. This pain emerged suddenly last Sunday night after excessive food and alcohol intake at a party. The most likely diagnosis is?

Toe-jam d/t poor foot wear
Osteoarthritis
Polymyalgia rheumatica
Acute gouty arthritis

A

Acute gouty arthritis

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14
Q

A Myelogram provides a radiographic visualization of which region?

Spinal cord
Abdominal arterial walls
Deep muscles
Lungs

A

Spinal cord

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15
Q

Bilateral swelling and tenderness of the fingers for several weeks at a time is most likely due to:

Rheumatoid arthritis
Acute gouty arthritis
Epicondylitis
Heberden nodes

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

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16
Q

All of the following statements about Gout are true except:

It is commonly treated with the drug Allopurinol.
It typically affects the wrist joints first.
It typically causes Hyperuricemia.
It typically has an abrupt onset of severe pain.

A

It typically affects the wrist joints first.

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17
Q

A 48-year-old man enters your office complaining of severe pain and redness in his big toe. You notice that he is significantly overweight and very red in the face. He has been reinventing himself by pursuing a second career as a chef. He has noticed that anytime he consumes lots of alcohol, large amounts of oysters, or mushrooms his toe gets worse. Which is the likely condition?

Gout
Cystic Fibrosis
Pseudogout
Chronic Liver obstruction

A

Gout

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18
Q

Passive ROM test checks for the integrity of the?

Muscle
Bursa
Joint
Nerve

A

Joint

19
Q

What would be a common cause of passive loss of ROM with absolute decrease in ROM in the shoulder?

Frozen shoulder
T4 syndrome
Lateral epicondylitis
Medial epicondylitis

A

Frozen shoulder

20
Q

Bouchard nodes occur in which joint types?

MCP joints
PIP joints
DIP joints
Near the carpals

A

PIP joints

21
Q

A patient comes to your clinic with ankylosing spondylosis. What lab test would you run to determine this diagnosis?

CA-125
TSH
HLA-B27
CA-72-38

A

HLA-B27

22
Q

A 27-year-old female patient who is slightly obese has finished her first half marathon. She has tightness in her anterior tibialis but also numbness in her 2nd and 3rd toe. What can be the cause of the toe numbness?

Legionairre’s syndrome
Drop foot
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Tarsal tunnel syndrome

A

Tarsal tunnel syndrome

23
Q

Symptoms of Osteoarthritis include all of the following except:

Symmetrical joint involvement
Pain that is better after rest
Deep ache in the involved joints
Pain and stiffness of the larger, weight-bearing joints

A

Symmetrical joint involvement

24
Q

Systemic conditions which may contribute to the onset of Carpel Tunnel Syndrome include all of the following except:

Pregnancy
Liver disease
HIV
Diabetes

A

HIV

25
Q

A 22-year-old African-American woman enters your office with a butterfly shaped rash on her face centered across the nose. She complains of bilateral arthritis. Upon further questioning you find that she is ANA (+). Which is the most likely condition?

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
Parkinson disease

A

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

26
Q

All of the following statements about Thoracic Outlet Syndrome are true except:

It most commonly occurs in women in middle age.
It can be diagnosed using Phalen’s test.
It may cause the person to wake up in the middle of the night with a ‘pins and needles’ sensation in the hands.
Symptoms may appear when carrying heavy objects.

A

It can be diagnosed using Phalen’s test.

27
Q

Which of the following is the leading cause of cancer deaths among men in U.S.?

Colorectal cancer
Lung cancer
Prostate cancer
Testicular cancer

A

Prostate cancer

28
Q

What is the current guideline for performing osteoporosis screenings?

X-ray, women > 65yo
CT scan, women > 65yo
Ultrasound, women > 65yo
DEXA scan, women > 65yo

A

DEXA scan, women > 65yo

29
Q

Which of the following phrases are correct?

Gout is made up of needle-shaped, negatively birefringent crystals; Pseudogout is made up of rhomboid-shaped, positively birefringent crystals.

Gout is made up of leaf-shaped, negatively birefringent crystals; Pseudogout is made up of rhomboid-shaped neutrally-charged birefringent crystals.

Gout is made up of leaf-shaped, negatively birefringent crystals; Pseudogout is made up of needle-shaped, positively birefringent crystals.

Gout is made up of needle-shaped, positively birefringent crystals; Pseudogout is made up of needle-shaped, neutrally-charged birefringent crystals.

A

Gout is made up of needle-shaped, negatively birefringent crystals; Pseudogout is made up of rhomboid-shaped, positively birefringent crystals.

30
Q

Which of the following conditions is a sideways curvature of the spine that occurs most often during the growth spurt just before puberty?

Scoliosis
Lordosis
Herniated disc
Kyphosis

A

Scoliosis

31
Q

A 55-year-old female complains of malaise, a sense of depression, anxiety, weight loss, and fever but with no apparent weakness. Upon observation, you do not observe any limitation in the range of motion of her joints, however, she reports that she does have morning stiffness. The large muscles on her leg and arm are tender but not warm or red. The muscles of her hip and shoulder girdle are most affected by the tenderness in a symmetric manner. Her rheumatologist has diagnosed her with Giant Cell Arteritis. What do you believe the correct diagnosis to be?

Polymalgia rheumatica
Rheumatoid arthritis
Gouty arthritis
FIbromyalgia syndrome

A

Polymalgia rheumatica

32
Q

Which of the following T-scores is most likely to be associated with a postmenopausal Caucasian woman presenting with a hip fracture and multiple vertebral compression fractures?

T score -1.5 to -2.5
T score > -1.5
T score < -2.5
T score > 0

A

T score < -2.5

33
Q

An 18-year-old junior college athlete comes in with his mother on a Monday morning. She is trying to figure out what to do with her son who was told by his coach that he may have suffered an “unhappy triad” (O’Donoghue) injury during Saturday’s football game. What diagnostic imaging would be most appropriate for this condition?

CT scan
X-Ray
MRI
PET scan

A

MRI

34
Q

A 23-year-old female enters your office complaining of fatigue. Upon further questioning you discover that she has symmetrical joint pain, morning stiffness lasting 60 minutes, and difficulty putting on a normal amount of weight. Which of the following conditions are most likely?

Chronic fatigue syndrome
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
Septic arthritis
Gout

A

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)

35
Q

Which of the following best characterizes a T-score?

The bone density of the site compared to the bone density of a same age reference mean.
The bone density of the left femur compared to the bone density of a same age reference mean.
The bone density of the site compared to the bone density of a young reference mean.
The bone density of a random site compared to the bone density of a same age reference mean.

A

The bone density of the site compared to the bone density of a young reference mean.

36
Q

Which of the following medications is a beta-agonist used for acute asthma exacerbations?

Diphenhydraimine
Albuterol
Guaifenesin
Loratadine

A

Albuterol

37
Q

Which of the following conditions is best characterized by chills, high fever, fatigue, chest pain, cough, and mucus?

Spontaneous pneumothorax
Pneumonia
Tension pneumothorax
Pleural effusions

A

Pneumonia

38
Q

The following are all risk factors for repeated cessation of breathing > 10 seconds during sleep leading to disrupted sleep and daytime somnolence EXCEPT:

Older age
Obesity
Disproportionate upper airway anatomy
Female gender

A

Female gender

39
Q

All of the following are considered restrictive lung diseases EXCEPT:

Asbestosis
Sarcoidosis
Goodpasture syndrome
Emphysema

A

Emphysema

40
Q

Which of the following types of hypersensitivity is represented by asthma, hay fever (allergic rhinitis), food allergies, eczema and anaphylaxis?

Type 4 hypersensitivity
Type 3 hypersensitivity
Type 2 hypersensitivity
Type 1 hypersensitivity

A

Type 1 hypersensitivity

41
Q

What is the definition of tachycardia in an adult?

Resting heart rate under 80 bpm
Resting heart rate over 80 bpm
Resting heart rate over 100 bpm
Resting heart rate under 100 bpm

A

Resting heart rate over 100 bpm

42
Q

A 44-year-old male enters your office complaining of cough, hemoptysis, bronchial obstruction, and wheezing. Upon questioning you learn that his doctor found a pneumonic “coin” lesion on X-ray and a non-calcified nodule on CT. Which of the following conditions is best represented by these signs and symptoms?

COPD
Tuberculosis
Lung cancer
Emphysema

A

Lung cancer

43
Q

If a patient with lung cancer has a condition which worsens, where would the next signs or symptoms be most likely found?

The colon
The skin
The spleen
The brain

A

The brain

44
Q

Which of the following conditions is caused by a gram-negative, aerobic, pathogenic, and encapsulated coccobacillus of the genus Bordetella?

Tuberculosis
Acid reflux
Pertussis
Pneumonia

A

Pertussis

Biomedicine (10 decks)

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