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Biomedicine > Lymphatic System, Pediatrics, Cardiology - TCM Seminars Test > Flashcards

Lymphatic System, Pediatrics, Cardiology - TCM Seminars Test Flashcards

1
Q

The diagnosis of AIDS is developed after the patient falls bellow how many T-Cells?

A

below 200 T-Cells

If the T-Cells recover back to over 200 and are able to hold it for 6 weeks, considered remission, the person is still susceptible to secondary infections

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2
Q

Why is it important to wash your hands between patients?

A

To prevent nosocomial transmission infection because you avoiding MRSA

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3
Q

If someone has multiple boils on the back of their neck whats the likely cause?

A

Staphylococcus

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4
Q

Tachycardia begins after what number of beats per minute?

A

above 100 a minute

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5
Q

Most common type of Heart failure is?

A

Left sided Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

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6
Q

A patient has an S3 gallop what cardiac condition could they have?

A

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

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7
Q

Which of the following types of leukemia is most common in children?

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML)
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL)

A

Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL)

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8
Q

All of the following immune cell types represent innate immunity EXCEPT:

Mast cells
B cells and T cells
Neutrophils
Monocytes

A

B cells and T cells

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9
Q

Which of the following statements is not true about Systemic Lupus Erythematosus?

It commonly presents with a ‘butterfly’ facial rash pattern.
It commonly presents with unilateral joint pain.
It affects people of African and Asian descent more commonly than those of European descent.
Symptoms commonly worsen during menstruation.

A

It commonly presents with unilateral joint pain.

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10
Q

Which of the following immunoglobulins is found in mother’s milk?

IgM
IgE
IgA
IgD

A

IgA

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11
Q

Which of the following conditions is HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy) prescribed for?

HPV
HIV
Hepatitis
Cytomegalovirus

A

HIV

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12
Q

Which of the following immunoglobulins provides local protection of mucous membranes?

IgM
IgE
IgD
IgA

A

IgA

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13
Q

Which of the following immunoglobulins is involved in immediate hypersensitivity responses?

IgE
IgD
IgA
IgM

A

IgE

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14
Q

A patient tells you she has Lymphoma but is unable to tell you whether or not it is Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma. The lymphoma was diagnosed early. What is the one sign that would help you determine the type?

Fever
Night sweats
Swollen lymph nodes in the neck
Enlargement of the liver, spleen, and abdominal lymph nodes

A

Enlargement of the liver, spleen, and abdominal lymph nodes

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15
Q

Which of the following immunoglobulins is an antigen receptor on lymphocyte surfaces with little known function?

IgE
IgG
IgD
IgA

A

IgD

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16
Q

HIV targets which lymphocyte?

C7 cells
CD4+T cells
Basophils
Neutrophils

A

CD4+T cells

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17
Q

Which immunoglobulin is the first to respond to an antigen?

IgE
IgA
IgG
IgM

A

IgM

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18
Q

Which of the following immunoglobulins is the most common and crosses the placenta?

IgD
IgA
IgM
IgG

A

IgG

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19
Q

Which of the following conditions is the #1 cause of death for those between 15 and 24 years of age in the U.S.?

Unintentional injury
Methamphetamine use
Urogenital disorders
Joyriding

A

Unintentional injury

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20
Q

All of the following statements about Toxoplasmosis are true except:

It can be passed on from a pregnant woman to her fetus with the possibility of causing severe birth defects.
It is caused by a single-cell parasite.
Symptoms include enlarged lymph nodes, muscle aches and pains, and general flu-like symptoms.
It is transmitted via direct skin contact.

A

It is transmitted via direct skin contact.

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21
Q

An 8-year-old boy is brought over to your clinic by his mother. She laments that over the last 7 months her son is easily distracted, has difficulty following instructions, is disorganized, fidgets and interrupts others at school and home. Which of the following conditions best characterize his condition?

Tic disorder
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Asperger syndrome
Learning disorder

A

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

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22
Q

A 14-year old comes to your practice for herbs and acupuncture for severe epigastric pain. Which of the following actions should you take?

Use ear acupuncture only
Use only herbs until the parents reply to text notification
Contact the parents to get informed consent
Have the patient sign an informed consent form

A

Contact the parents to get informed consent

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23
Q

A mother brings her 18-month-old son to the pediatrician because he is nonverbal. He was born full term and met all milestones. Yet he rarely gestures or points at things and always plays alone. On exam, he does not respond to his name or make eye contact. A hearing test was normal. Which of the following conditions best characterize this condition?

Autism spectrum disorder
Asperger syndrome
Tic disorder
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

A

Autism spectrum disorder

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24
Q

Which of the following conditions is responsible for causing patients to experience koplik spots, descending maculopapular rashes, cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis?

Rabies
Measles
Mumps
Rubella

A

Measles

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25
Q

Which of the following conditions is responsible for causing patients to experience parotitis, orchitis, and meningitis?

German measles
Measles
Mumps
Rubella

A

Mumps

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26
Q

Which of the following types of leukemia is most common in children?

Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL)
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML)

A

Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL)

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27
Q

Which of the following conditions is responsible for causing what is known colloquially as German (3-day) measles?

Rubeola
Pertusis
Rubella
Epidemic parotitis

A

Rubella

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28
Q

Which of the following contains a drug that is NOT a statin?

Rosuvastatin Crestor, Simvastatin Zocor
Fluvastatin Lescol, Pravastatin Pravachol
Pitavastatin Livalo, Lovastatin Altoprev
Haloperidol Haldol, Atorvastatin Lipitor

A

Haloperidol Haldol, Atorvastatin Lipitor

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29
Q

The most common adverse effects of ACE inhibitors are:

Cough
Flaking skin
Tinnitus
Gastrointestinal disturbance

A

Cough

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30
Q

Which of the following signs indicates a patient to be a candidate for Abnormal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) surgery?

Sleepy, cyanosis, altered mental status, bradycardia, hypotension.
Shock, cyanosis, altered mental status, tachycardia, hypertension.
Shock, cyanosis, altered mental status, tachycardia, hypotension.
Sleepy, cyanosis, altered mental status, bradycardia, hypertension.

A

Shock, cyanosis, altered mental status, tachycardia, hypotension.

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31
Q

What do the CHAPS in secondary hypertension mnemonic stand for?

Cushing Syndrome, Hyperthyroidism, Aorta coarctation, phaeochromocytoma, stenosis of renal arteries
Cushing Syndrome, Hyperaldosteronism, Aorta coarctation, phaeochromocytoma, secondary hypercholesterolemia
Cushing Syndrome, Hyperthyroidsim, Aorta coarctation, phaeochromocytoma, Systolic dysfunction
Cushing Syndrome, Hyperaldosteronism, Aorta coarctation, phaeochromocytoma, stenosis of renal arteries

A

Cushing Syndrome, Hyperaldosteronism, Aorta coarctation, phaeochromocytoma, stenosis of renal arteries

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32
Q

All of the following can cause an increase in blood pressure except:

Steroid use
Coronary artery disease
Pain
Anemia

A

Anemia

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33
Q

All of these are major risk factors for ischemic heart disease EXCEPT:

Family history
Female gender
Diabetes mellitus
Hyperlipidemia

A

Female gender

34
Q

Which of the following cardiac dysrhythmias is 100% fatal if not corrected within minutes?

Atrial fasiculation
Atrial fibrillation
Ventricular fibrillation
Ventricular tachycardia

A

Ventricular fibrillation

35
Q

Which is the most common cause of right-sided heart failure?

Left-sided heart failure
Pulmonary embolism
Hypertension
Hypercholesterolemia

A

Left-sided heart failure

36
Q

Which of the following is an alpha-beta blocker?

Cardizem (diltiazem)
Vasotec (enalapril)
Trandate (labetalol)
Calan (verapamil)

A

Trandate (labetalol)

37
Q

The right side of the heart pumps blood to

The brain
Right ventricle
The descending aorta
The pulmonary circuit

A

The pulmonary circuit

38
Q

What are the breaths-to-compressions ratio for a child CPR with a single rescuer?

2 breaths for every 5 compressions
2 breaths for every 30 compressions
2 breaths for ever 15 compressions
1 breath for every 15 compressions

A

2 breaths for every 30 compressions

39
Q

Which of the following TWO blood vessels contain oxygenated blood?

Aorta / Vena Cava
Pulmonary artery / Superior Vena Cava
Vena Cava / Pulmonary Artery
Pulmonary vein / Aorta

A

Pulmonary vein / Aorta

40
Q

Which of the following BP rates are considered to be pre-hypertension?

SBP 140-159 or DBP 90-99
SBP 120-129 or DBP 80-89
SBP 90-119 and 60-79
SBP 100-119 and 66-80

A

SBP 120-129 or DBP 80-89

41
Q

A 59-year-old male arrives at the ER. He is experiencing chest pain that radiates to the jaw. He was admitted and diagnosed with an acute myocardial infarction 4 days ago. Which of the enzymes is the best to test for a possible “reinfarction”?

Troponin I
LDH
Myoglobin
CK-MB

A

CK-MB

42
Q

Which of the following BP rates are considered to be grade-2 hypertension?

SBP 100-119 and 66-80
SBP 120-139 or DBP 80-89
SBP 140-159 or DBP 90-99
SBP > 160 or DBP > 100

A

SBP 140-159 or DBP 90-99

43
Q

A 59-year-old male arrives at the emergency room. He has a history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and chest pain radiating to the jaw. The pain began 6 hours ago and the ECG confirms anterior MI. Which of the following conditions is the most “specific” test that can be performed for this patient?

Troponin I
CK-MB (Creatine Kinase-MB)
LDH (lactate dehydrogenase)
Myoglobin

A

Troponin I

44
Q

Which of the following types of hemorrhage occur with an abrupt “thunder clap-like” type of headache?

Intracranial hemorrhage
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Subdural hemorrhage
Epidural hemorrhage

A

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

45
Q

Which of the following is the first step for hypertension treatment?

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
Lifestyle modification
Thiazide diuretics
Calcium Channel Blockers

A

Lifestyle modification

46
Q

A 44-year-old male enters your clinic. He complains of a headache that started an hour ago. He has vomited twice and has a stiff neck. Upon history taking you are told that he has “the worst headache” of his life. Which condition is most likely?

Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Intracerebral hemorrhage
Subdural hematoma
Epidural hematoma

A

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

47
Q

The risk for an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is greatest in which group?

65-75yo, for everyone
45-55yo, for who have ever smoked
65-75yo, for who have ever smoked
45-55yo, for everyone

A

65-75yo, for who have ever smoked

48
Q

All of the following are an action of Angiotensin II EXCEPT:

Increase aldosterone secretion
Arteriolar vasodilation
Increase Na+ reabsorption
Increase sympathetic activity

A

Arteriolar vasodilation

49
Q

Tachycardia is considered to be a heart rate:

Less than 100 beats per minute
Less than 60 beats per minute
Greater than 60 beats per minute
Greater than 100 beats per minute

A

Greater than 100 beats per minute

50
Q

Which of the following concepts are considered the new essential priority for performing proper CPR?

Compressions - Airway - Breathing
Breathing - Compressions - Airway
Circulation - Breathing - Airway
Airway - Breathing - Circulation

A

Compressions - Airway - Breathing

51
Q

An ECG gathers information on a heartbeat based on which of the following patterns?

V W X Y Z
A B C D E
P Q R S T
D E F G A

A

P Q R S T

52
Q

Stage 1 Hypertension is defined as a systolic pressure of:

150-169
150-159
130-139
140-159

A

130-139

53
Q

Which of the following lab scores reflects a positive diagnosis for hypertension stage 1?

BP > 160/90 on 3 separate occasions
BP equal to or greater than 140 (systolic) or equal to or greater than 90 (diastolic) on 3 separate occasions
BP > 130-139 (systolic) or 80-89 (diastolic) on 3 separate occasions
BP > 120/75 on 3 separate occasions

A

BP > 130-139 (systolic) or 80-89 (diastolic) on 3 separate occasions

54
Q

When blood pressure falls, the kidneys release which of the following enzymes?

Renin
Atrial natriuretic factor
Amylase
Lipase

A

Renin

55
Q

When giving CPR to a child, what is the proper procedure ratio?

30 chest thrusts, do not give breaths
50 chest thrusts, 2 breaths
30 chest thrusts, 2 breaths
15 chest thrusts, 1 breaths

A

30 chest thrusts, 2 breaths

56
Q

A new 54-year-old female patient enters your office complaining of double vision, jaw pain, and tenderness in the scalp. Upon further questioning, she recalls being diagnosed with Temporal arteritis last year while in Germany. What is the most feared manifestation of this disease?

Blindness
Weight loss
Aphasia
Deafness

A

Blindness

57
Q

All of the following vessels contain deoxygenated blood EXCEPT:

Pulmonary vein
Superior vena cava
Pulmonary artery
Inferior vena cava

A

Pulmonary vein

58
Q

Which of the following classification of drugs contain the suffix of “-olol?”

Calcium channel blockers
ACE Inhibitors
Beta blockers
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors

A

Beta blockers

59
Q

A 52-year-old man is a regular patient of yours. Last week, you treated his left arm after he injured it during his weekly tennis game. Today, he says the arm pain went away but has returned and is much worse. He also says that he is experiencing a tight pressure in his chest and some difficulty breathing that got worse when he climbed the stairs up to your office. What is the proper treatment for this patient today?

Recommend that he tell his family doctor about these symptoms at his next check-up.
Repeat the treatment on the arm but add in points for the new symptoms.
Tell the patient to lie down and elevate his legs until he feels better.
Call 911.

A

Call 911.

60
Q

All of the following conditions are considered secondary hypertension EXCEPT:

Hypertension due to Cushing’s syndrome
Hypertension due to Chronic kidney disease
Hypertension due to OCPs
Hypertension due to Obstructive sleep apnea
Idiopathic hypertension

A

Idiopathic hypertension

61
Q

Which of the following directives should be taken when a patient is observed to have a blood pressure of 220/140 with a headache and blurred vision?

Walk the patient through self-care over the phone
Treat with acupuncture and herbs
Refer to Family physician
Refer to ER immediately

A

Refer to ER immediately

62
Q

A pregnant woman comes to your clinic in her last trimester with a blood pressure of 154/94, no albumin in her urine and no headaches. Your treatments were effective in helping her retain this child as she has a history of miscarriages. Months after her delivery, she comes to your clinic with her blood pressure now normalized at 118/72. What type of hypertension would she have?

Essential hypertension
Secondary hypertension
Eclampsia
Traumatic hypertension

A

Secondary hypertension

63
Q

A male, 58 years old, comes into your office complaining of shortness of breath on supine position, edema of the legs, and severe fatigue. Which of these conditions are most likely the cause?

DVT (deep vein thrombosis)
Atrial flutter
PE (pulmonary embolism)
CHF (congestive heart failure)

A

CHF (congestive heart failure)

64
Q

Which of the following is a commonly known adverse effect of ACE inhibitors?

Dry cough
Muscle ache
Productive cough
Petechia

A

Dry cough

65
Q

How is infant responsiveness determined during CPR?

Patting his feet and shoulders
Slapping his face lightly
Sprinkling water on his face
Shaking him and shouting

A

Patting his feet and shoulders

66
Q

We are unable to see the repolarization of the atria on an EKG. Why is this?

The muscle fibers of the atria mask any electrical signals that might be emitted.
The atria do not undergo repolarization.
The depolarization of the ventricles masks the repolarization of the atria.
The electric signal of atria repolarization is to weak to be detected by the EKG.

A

The depolarization of the ventricles masks the repolarization of the atria.

67
Q

A heartbeat comprises of an initial loud sounding ‘lub’ followed by a shorter and softer sounding ‘dub.’ What causes the first louder sound?

The closure of the mitral and tricuspid valve
The closure of the pulmonary semilunar valve
The closure of the mitral valve alone
The closure of the aortic valve

A

The closure of the mitral and tricuspid valve

68
Q

Which of the following is the chain of blood pressure regulating hormones that certain class of inhibitor-type drugs affect?

Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
Sympathetic-parasympathetic system
Hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid system
Nervous-endocrine system

A

Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

69
Q

Which of the following is the converting enzyme for Angiotensinogen to Angiotensin I?

ACE
Renin
ADH
Aldosterone

A

Renin

70
Q

Which drug prohibits the conversion of Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II?

Aldosterone
Renin
ACE Inhibitors
Angiotensinogen

A

ACE Inhibitors

71
Q

The organ(s) best represented by PSA levels is/are:

Penis
Testis
Prostate
Bladder

A

Prostate

72
Q

Which of the following is the correct order of movement of blood through the heart?

Right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, left atrium, left ventricle
Right atrium, left atrium, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, right ventricle, left ventricle
Right atrium, left atrium, pulmonary vein, pulmonary artery, right ventricle, left ventricle
Right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary vein, pulmonary artery, left atrium, left ventricle

A

Right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, left atrium, left ventricle.

73
Q

Which of the following is not a cause of Secondary Hypertension?

Untreated Sleep Apnea
Renal Disease
Cushing’s Disease
Dehydration

A

Dehydration

74
Q

A 48-year-old female with a diagnosis of hypertension complains of headaches throughout the day. She tells you that they began 5 years ago after her divorce and that they are exacerbated by stress. The following drugs are useful in the treatment of hypertension EXCEPT:

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
Thiazide diuretics
Calcium channel blockers
Metformin

A

Metformin

75
Q

Which of the following conditions is characterized by substernal chest tightness and pain, SOB with a consistent amount of exertion; and relief experienced with rest or nitroglycerine?

Unstable angina
Acute coronary syndrome
Myocardial Infarction
Stable angina

A

Stable angina

76
Q

Renin is produced in the:

Adrenals
Kidney
Heart
Brain

A

Kidney

77
Q

Which of the following hemorrhages are berry aneurysms characteristic of __________________?

Intracranial hemorrhage
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Epidural hemorrhage
Subdural hemorrhage

A

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

78
Q

Which of the following tests is the standard imaging for ruling out a patient at risk for an Abnormal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA)?

MRI
Angiography
Ultrasonography
CT Scan

A

Ultrasonography

79
Q

Which valve separates the left atrium and the left ventricle?

Cardiac valve
Pulmonary valve
Tricuspid valve
Mitral valve

A

Mitral valve

80
Q

All of the following medications are used for the treatment of Hypertension EXCEPT?

Diuretics (HCTZ)
Beta blockers
Tricyclics
ACE inhibitors

A

Tricyclics

Biomedicine (10 decks)

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