Respiration Intro Flashcards

1
Q
The main site of gas exchange is the \_\_\_\_\_\_.
A.Trachea
B.Pharynx
C.Larynx
D.Non respiratory bronchioles
E.Alveoli
A

E

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2
Q
Which of the following is a passageway for both air and food?
A.Trachea
B.Larynx
C.Pharynx
D.Bronchi
E.Esophagus
A

C. The pharynx is a passageway

The larynx diverts food or air into their respective tracts

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3
Q

What is the main 2 functions of the larynx

A

Direct food and air into repective pathways

Voice production

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4
Q

What determines the pitch of a voice in the larynx

A

High pitch = Tight short vocal cords

Low Pitch = wide glottis

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5
Q

Which of the following statements regarding the lungs is correct?
A. The left lung is larger than the right lung
B. The left lung has two lobes while the right lung has 3 lobes
C. The left lung has three lobes which the right lung has 2 lobes
D. The blood supply of the lung is from the pulmonary artery and veins
E. The pulmonary plexus innervates the Lungs and visceral pleura

A

B Left = 2, right = 3

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6
Q

Why does the left lobe of the lung have 2 lobes?

A

Because of the cardiac notch

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7
Q

What does the pulmonary plexus innervate?

A

Lungs and visceral pleura

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8
Q

What does the Intercostal Plexus innervate?

A

Parietal pleura

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9
Q

What is the serosa?

A

Double layered covering for the lung

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10
Q

What are the layers of the serosa

A

Visceral and parietal pleuras

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11
Q

What fluid resides between the layers of serosa?

A

Pleural fluid to reduce friction

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12
Q

Pulmonary arteries carry what type of blood and where to

A

Carry deoxygenated blood to right side of heart

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13
Q

Pulmonary Veins carry what typ of blood and where to?

A

Carry oxygenated blood to the left side of the heart

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14
Q

Which of the following is correct in regards to the blood vessels in
the lung?
A. The respiratory arteries and veins provide the lung with its blood
supply
B. Pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood to the left side of heart
C. Pulmonary veins carry deoxygenated blood to the left side of
heart
D. Pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood from the right side
of the heart
E. B and D are correct

A

E: B and D are correct

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15
Q

Which of the following cells secrete surfactant in the alveolus
A.Type I alveolar cells
B.Type II alveolar cells
C.Type III alveolar cells
D.Macrophages
E.Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

A

B Type II cells do

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16
Q

What is the function of a type I alveolus cell

A

Act as a component of the respiratory membrane

17
Q

Function of Respiratory membrane

A

Allow for exchange of gasses within the alveoli

18
Q

What is the function of Macrophages in the alveoli

A

to digest debris and other non wanted invaders

19
Q

During swallowing, the passage of the pharynx is normally covered by the?

A

Epiglottis

20
Q

Why does the trachea have C-shaped rings that keep it open, where the oesophagus does not (allowing it to close)

A

Trachea: Needs to stay open to facilitate breathing
Oesophagus: Opens when eating food through muscle contraction

21
Q

Losing your voice is caused by inflammation of?

A

Larynx

22
Q

Why does the oropharynx contain stratified squamous epithelium

A

to defend against mechanical (friction) or chemical damage

23
Q

What structures in the oropharynx defend against bacterial and viral infection

A

The palatine and Lingual tonsils