respiration and photosynthesis Flashcards
why is carbon dioxide concentration a factor effecting photosynthesis
-increasing Co2 concentration increases rate of photosynthesis
although above a certain threshold increases in co2 concentration do not increase the rate o photosynthesis because light intensity is limiting the rate of reaction
light intensity as a factor of photosynthesis
increases light intensity incrwsss rate of photosynthesis because more energy is provided
if light intensity is increased above a certain threshold then rate of photosynthesis will not infewsss because temp is limiting the reaction
temp increase as a factor of photosynthesis
increasing temp increases rate of photosynthesis because more energy is provided if the temp is increased above 45 degrees the enzymes that catalyze the reaction begin to denature
uses of glucose
proteins: needed for cell growth & repair
starch: insoluble cannot be dissolved and stored in stems, leaves or roots
cellulose: strengthen cell walls , particularly important for fast growing plants
fats and oils: stored in structures such as seeds
what is dependent and independent variable for investigating light intensity of photosynthesis
independent- light intensity
number of bubbles- dependent variable
what is the inverse square law
light intensity= 1 divided by distance squared
what wohld affect the reliability of the required practical
measuring the rate of photosynthesis multiple times per experiment
whag is homeostasis
to keep body temp of warm blooded animals relatively constant
what happens to glucose in anaerobic respiration in plants
glucose is converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide
Glucose= ethanol + carbon dioxide
in yeast cells this is called fermentation.
aerobic respiration with oxygen what happens to glucose
glucose reacts with oxygen in the mitochondria of cells to give carbon dioxide water and energy
Glucose+ oxygen + co2 +water + (energy )
c6H12O6 + 6O2+ 6CO2+ (energy )
why does anaerobic respiration haooen
when insufficient oxygen reaches th muscles during periods of intense activity
whag is metabolism
sum of all chemical reactions that happen in an organism
metabolic reaction: making amino acids
combining glucose & nitrate ions to make amino acids
amino acids can be then combined to make proteins
metabolic reaction : breaking down excess proteins
breaking down excess proteins to form urea which is excreted in urine
metabolic reaction : converting glucose
converting glucose into starch (plants ) glycogen (animals ) and cellulose (plants )
mestoblic reaction : making lipids
combining glycerol and fatty acid chains to make lipid molecules
factors to increase respiration : increase in breath volume
an increase in breath volume also increases the rate of gas exchange
increase in respiration : blood vessels dilate
blood vessels dilate (open wider) to ensure more blood reaches the muscles
increase in respiration : increase in breathing rate
increase in breathing rate increases gas exchange in the lungs with more oxygen take in and more carbon dioxide released
increase in respiration: increase heart rate
increase in heart rate delivers more blood (containing glucose and oxygen ) to the muscles
lactic acid in anaerobic respiration
lactic acid is a by product of anaerobic respiration
it is toxic and can build up in muscles leading to muscular pain and fatigue
also stops muscles contracting efficiently
oxygen debt
oxygen debt refers to extra oxygen required after excercise to oxidize (combine with oxygen ) lactic acid and remove it from cells
replaying oxygen debt
blood transports lactic acid to the liver where it reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water
heavy breathing after excercise helps to repay oxygen debt by taking in more oxygen into lungs
what is anaerobic respiration
if muscles are not supplied with enough oxygen then muscle cells may begin to respire anaerobicallg and produce lactic acid
