respiration Flashcards
What is respiration?
-a chemical reaction that occurs in the mitochondria of all living organisms.
What is the purpose of respiration?
to release energy
What is the formula for aerobic respiration? (word)
oxygen + glucose -> carbon dioxide + water + energy
What is the formula for aerobic respiration? (chemical)
C(6)H(12)O(6) + O(2) -> 6CO(2) + 6H(2)O + energy
Where does glucose come from?
The digestion of carbohydrates
Where does the oxygen come from?
The air which we breathe in
Where does the carbon dioxide released from?
breathing out, via gas exchange
Where is water released from?
when exhaled
What causes a stitch?
anaerobic respiration
When does anaerobic respiration occur?
When doing a physical activity and there is a lack of oxygen.
What is the equation for anaerobic respiration?(animals)
glucose -> lactic acid + energy
What is the equation for anaerobic respiration? (plants)
glucose -> carbon dioxide + ethanol + energy
Is more or less energy released in anaerobic respiration then aerobic respiration?
less as there are more bonds broken, leading to more products made however in anaerobic respiration, there are less bonds broken as the glucose is partly broken down
What does a build up of lactic acid cause?
muscle fatigue
What is oxygen debt?
The extra oxygen needed to destroy the build up of lactic acid after exercise
How do we get the oxygen needed in oxygen debt?
We breathe deeper and faster
Where does anaerobic respiration take place?
the muscles
What happens in oxygen debt?
The lactic acid is transported from the muscles to the liver and converted back to glucose via the blood. This requires oxygen.
Where does anaerobic respiration take place in the industry?
It takes place in yeast and is called fermentation. The alcohol that is produced is ethanol and is used in alcoholic drinks
What is yeast used for in making bread?
The anaerobic respiration that takes place in the yeast causes CO(2) which causes the bread to rise, leading to a higher yield
What are the 4 main factors in the industry?
- temp
- oxygen supply
- amount of glucose
- unwanted microorganisms kept out
What is recovery time?
The time taken for the HR, breathing rate and lactic acid take to get back to normal levels.
What can recovery time be used for?
Measuring how fit someone is
