Respiration

Question 1

What is the definition of cell respiration?

Answer 1

Breaking down food molecules to release ATP

Question 2

What would happen if cell respiration didn’t happen continuously in every cell?

Answer 2

The cell would die

Question 3

What are some examples of uses of energy?

Answer 3

Cell division, maintaining body temperature, transporting molecules

Question 4

What is the word and balanced chemical equation for aerobic respiration?

Answer 4

Glucose + Oxygen –> Carbon Dioxide + Water

C6H12O6 + 6O2 –> 6CO2 + 6H2O

Question 5

What does aerobic respiration release a lot of and why?

Answer 5

Releases a lot of ATP because it completely oxidises the glucose

Question 6

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in ANIMALS?

Answer 6

Glucose –> Lactic acid

Question 7

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in FUNGI and PLANTS?

Answer 7

Glucose –> Ethanol + Carbon Dioxide

Question 8

In anaerobic respiration what is not broken down and therefore what happens because of this?

Answer 8

Glucose is not completely broken down and so less ATP produced

Question 9

What is the advantage of anaerobic respiration?

Answer 9

Allows cells to obtain a small amount of usable energy even when oxygen supply is limited

Question 10

What is anaerobic respiration in plants useful for?

Answer 10

Food Production

Question 11

Describe the process of how anaerobic respiration is used to make bread and alcohol? (Clue: Yeast)

Answer 11

1. Use a fungus called Yeast
2. Supply glucose
3. Keep the yeast in LOW oxygen conditions so cells respire anaerobically
   JUST FOR BREAD 4. CO2 produced forms bubbles in bread dough causing it to rise
   JUST FOR ALCOHOL 4. Ethanol produced provides alcohol

Question 12

Where does anaerobic respiration in animals occur and why does it occur?

Answer 12

In muscle cells when there is a shortage of oxygen

Question 13

Describe what happens during intensive exercise?

Answer 13

1. Muscles need large quantities of energy
2. Aerobic respiration doesn’t provide enough energy
3. Glycogen stored in muscle cells is broken down into glucose
4. Anaerobic respiration occurs providing an additional energy supply

Question 14

Describe what happens when anaerobic respiration in animals causes lactic acids to build up?

Answer 14

1. Lactic acid builds up, causing cramps, and diffuses from muscles into blood
2. High concentrations of it are toxic
3. It is transported to the liver where it is oxidised

Question 15

Why do we breath heavily after exercise?

Answer 15

To supply the extra oxygen needed to dispose of lactic acid in our body

Question 16

What is the volume of oxygen needed to oxidise the lactic acid called?

Answer 16

Oxygen Debt

Question 17

What type of experiment do we use to investigate respiration?

Answer 17

Control experiment

Question 18

Describe the germinating pea experiment?

Answer 18

1. As peas grow they respire releasing heat
2. Thermos flask is insulated so heat isn’t transferred to surroundings
3. We can measure the change in temperature

Question 19

State the equipment needed for the germinating pea experiment?

Answer 19

Thermos flasks, milton solution, cotton wool plug, thermometers

Question 20

In the germinating pea experiment, what is different about flask one and flask two?

Answer 20

Flask one: Peas are alive

Flask two: Peas are dead

Question 21

What is different about describing and explaining experimental data? (Clue: About answering questions not biology)

Answer 21

Describe questions: Say what the results are (Quote data, Patterns, comparisons)
Explain questions: Say why results occur (scientific knowledge)