Respiration

Question 1

Name the type of energy stored in food.

Answer 1

Chemical energy

Question 2

Define the term respiration

Answer 2

The process of breaking down food (glucose) to release energy in a series of enzyme controlled reactions.

Question 3

Name the food molecule that is the main source of energy in cells.

Answer 3

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Question 4

Name the molecules produced when ATP is broken down.

Answer 4

Adenosine diphosphate + inorganic phosphate group.

Question 5

Describe the structure of ATP

Answer 5

Adenosine-Pi-Pi~Pi

Adenosine + 3 inorganic phosphate groups + a high energy bond

Question 6

State the two types of respiration and which one requires oxygen.

Answer 6

Aerobic respiration requires oxygen and anaerobic respiration/fermentation does not require oxygen.

Question 7

Dramas a flow chart to show the first stage in aerobic respiration.

Answer 7

Glucose 
               |
               |
               |
              / \
            /     \
          /         \
         /            \
Pyruvate   Pyruvate

Question 8

State the number of ATP molecules produced in the first stage.

Answer 8

2ADP + 2Pi
-> 2ATP

2ATP molecules

Question 9

Give the location of the first stage.

Answer 9

Cytoplasm.

Question 10

Draw a flow diagram to represent the second stage of aerobic respiration.

Answer 10

Pyruvate 
               |
               |
               |
              / \
            /     \
          /         \
         /            \
Carbon       Water
Dioxide

Question 11

State the number of ATP molecules produced in the second stage of aerobic respiration.

Answer 11

36 ATP molecules

Question 12

Give the location of the second stage of aerobic respiration.

Answer 12

Mitochondria

Question 13

Describe the fermentation pathway in animal cells.

Answer 13

Glucose 
               ^   ^
               |    |
               |    |
               |    |
               |    |
              V   V
         Lactic acid

This is a reversible reaction.

Question 14

Are the number of ATP molecules produced in the fermentation pathway in animal cells.

Answer 14

0 ATP molecules

Question 15

Describe the fermentation pathway in plant and yeast cells.

Answer 15

Pyruvate 
               |
               |
               |
              / \
            /     \
          /         \
         /            \
Ethanol       Carbon dioxide

Question 16

Are the number of ATP molecules produced in the fermentation pathway in plant and yeast cells.

Answer 16

0 ATP molecules

Question 17

What two factors that control the rate of respiration.

Answer 17

Temperature - respiration is enzyme controlled and therefore high dependent on temperature.

Oxygen concentration - if oxygen is low in concentration the rate of respiration will be slow and vice versa.

Question 18

Explain why very high temperatures can cause the rate of respiration to drop to zero.

Answer 18

Respiration is enzyme controlled and very high temperatures cause the enzyme to be denatured.