Respiration

Question 0

Word equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 0

Glucose +. Oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water + energy release

Question 1

Define aerobic respiration

Answer 1

The release of a relatively large amount of energy in cells by the break down of food substance in the presence of oxygen

Question 2

Symbol equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 2

C6h1206 + 6o2 -> 6co2 + 6h2o + energy

Question 3

Where is energy release

Answer 3

Mitochondria

Question 4

Define anaerobic respiration

Answer 4

The release of a relatively small amount of energy by the breakdown of food substance in the absence of oxygen

Question 5

Word equation for anaerobic respiration

Answer 5

Glucose -> Latic acid + energy

Question 6

Symbol equation for anaerobic respiration

Answer 6

6ch12o6 -> 2c3h6o3 + energy

Question 7

Describe anaerobic respiration in microorganism

Answer 7

Glucose -> alcohol +carbon dioxide + energy

C6h12o6 -> 2c2h5oh + 2co2

Question 8

What is oxygen debt

Answer 8

When latic acid is transport to the heart liver and kidney, oxygen is needed to oxidised it. The extra oxygen needed to do this is oxygen debt
-> we keep breathing heavily ager exercise

Question 9

Describe mucus and cilia

Answer 9

The cilia cells sweep away any unwanted microbes or particles out of our lungs and airway
It sweep back and forward to brush mucus up the lungs into the mouth
Scatter between cilia cells are cells that produce mucus
Mucus trap any unwanted particles

Question 10

Describe inspiration

Answer 10

External muscle contract
Internal intercostal muscle relax
Ribs upward and out ward
Diaphragm contract and flatten
Increase the volume inside the thorax -> pressure decrease -> air move into the lung

Question 11

Describe expiration

Answer 11

Internal intercostal contact, external relax
Lower the ribs down and inward
Muscle in the diaphragm relax and bulges up due to pressure from the organ
Decrease the volume inside the thorax, pressure goes up and Air Force out

Question 12

The uses of energy in the body of humans

Answer 12

Muscle contraction, protein synthesis, cell division, active transport, growth, the passage of nerve impulses and the maintenance of a constant body temperature

Question 13

Features of gas exchange surfaces

Answer 13

Wall of the alveoli are made from a single layer of cells - allow gases to easily diffuse
Alveoli have a moist lining- cells die if not kept moist
Large sa - lungs contain a lot of alveoli allowing for more gas to be exchanged
A good blood supply so that lots of oxygen is removed quickly and lots of carbon dioxide is supplied quickly -> maintain the concentration gradients for these gases

Question 14

Composition of inspired and expired air

Answer 14

Inspired Expired
Oxygen 21% 16%
Carbon 0.04% 4%
Nitrogen 78% 78%
Water vapor Variable Saturated(high)

Question 15

Effect of physical activity on carbon dioxide concentration and pH in tissues and in the blood

Answer 15

Exercise -> tissues respire more quickly and make more co2 which lowers the pH in the tissues and the blood
Brain detects this rise in co2 and the lowering of pH of the blood reaching it ( they may also make lactic acid)
-> brain sends nerve impulses to the diaphragm and intercostal muscles so they contract faster and further to increase rate and depth of breathing
-> lower conc. of co2 and higher the pH back to normal