Respiration Flashcards
What are the uses of energy
. For movement in humans
. To keep humans and other mammals warm
. For chemical reactions to build larger molecules e.g proteins are made by chemically joining amino acids
Cellular Respiration
The energy we need is supplied by a process called cellular respiration
Respiration is an exothermic reaction because it releases energy
Respiration takes place continually in all living cells
Aerobic Respiration
In aerobic respiration, the sugar glucose is reacted with oxygen gas, this produces carbon dioxide and water and releases energy
Aerobic respiration releases a great deal of energy because the glucose molecule has been fully oxidized
What is the word and symbol equation for Aerobic Respiration
glucose + oxygen ——> carbon dioxide + water
C6H12O6 + O2 ——> CO2 + H2O
Anaerobic Respiration in muscles
. Muscle cells need a great deal of energy for contraction but under certain conditions the amount of oxygen is limited
. When there is a shortage of oxygen, muscle cells respire anaerobically
. Anaerobic respiration releases much less energy than aerobic respiration because the oxidation of glucose is incomplete
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in muscles
glucose –> lactic acid + energy
During anaerobic respiration in muscles, glucose is converted back into lactic acid
Anaerobic respiration does not require any oxygen
Why is anaerobic respiration useful in yeast cells
. Anaerobic respiration in yeast cells is called fermentation
. We use this reaction to make alcoholic drinks such as beer
. The alcohol in these drinks is ethanol which is produced by fermentation
. We also use yeast to make bread and the CO2 is useful as it makes bubbles in the dough creating the dough to rise
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast cells
glucose ——-> ethanol + carbon dioxide + energy
In this reaction, the glucose is converted to ethanol and carbon dioxide. No oxygen is needed for this reaction
