Respiration Flashcards
Is respiration endothermic or exothermic? Why?
Respiration is exothermic because energy is released
Where does aerobic respiration occur?
In the mitochondria (in the cells)
Describe six ways that the energy released in respiration is used in the body.
- In chemical reactions
- For movement
- Cell division
- Homeostasis (maintaining constant conditions in the body)
- Active transport
- Transmission of nerve impulses
What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?
glucose + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water
What is the balanced symbol equation for aerobic respiration?
C6H12O6 + 6O2 –> 6CO2 + 6H2O
What is anaerobic respiration?
Respiration that occurs without oxygen
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in the muscles of animals?
glucose –> lactic acid
What is the word equation for fermentation (anaerobic respiration in microorganisms such as yeast)?
glucose –> ethanol + carbon dioxide
Which type of respiration releases the most energy?
Aerobic respiration
Which type of respiration has incomplete oxidation of glucose?
Anaerobic respiration
What are two uses for fermentation in yeast?
- To produce alcohol
- To make bread
What is oxygen debt?
The amount of oxygen required by the body to break down lactic acid after vigorous exercise
What are two impacts on the body during vigorous exercise?
- Lactic acid builds up
- Glycogen reserves in the muscles become low as more glucose is used for respiration
What two things can happen to lactic acid in the liver?
- oxidised to carbon dioxide and water
converted to glucose, then into glycogen
What is metabolism?
All of the chemical reactions that happen in an organism’s body
