Respiration #1

Question 1

What is cellular respiration?

Answer 1

1. Use of O2 by the cell (mitochondria) to make ATP

2. Production of CO2 by the cell.

Question 2

What is respiration?

Answer 2

The process of gas exchange

Question 3

External respiration?

Answer 3

exchange of oxygen and CO2 between atmosphere and tissues.

Question 4

Equation for flow?

Answer 4

F=(change) P/R

Question 5

The lungs DO NOT stretch to fill the thorax? True or False?

Answer 5

FALSE. The lungs DO stretch to fill the thorax. This is due to elasticity.

Question 6

Boyles Law:

Answer 6

P1V1=P2V2

Question 7

What happens during inspiration?

Answer 7

1. The external intercostals contract.
2. Diaphragm contracts.
3. The ribs move outward

Question 8

How much pressure is in the the diaphragm during and after contraction in inspiration?

Answer 8

Resting–760 mmHg

contracting–759 mmHg

Question 9

What happens during expiration?

Answer 9

1.External intercostals relax
2.Internal intercostals contract
3. abdominals contract (active expiration only)
4. Diaphragm relaxes
5 lungs contract

Question 10

how much pressure is in the diaphragm during and after contraction in expiration?

Answer 10

contracting 760 mmHg

relaxing 761 mmHg

Question 11

Define Pneumothorax:

Answer 11

Air in the chest

Question 12

What is the primary determinate for air resistance?

Answer 12

the radius conducting the airway.

Question 13

What system controls the the contraction during air resistance?

Answer 13

the autonomic system–it contracts the smooth muscles of the bronchioles. This is what changes the radii.

Question 14

Bronchodialation

Answer 14

sympathetic system–relaxation of the smooth muscle

Question 15

Bronchoconstriction

Answer 15

parasympathetic–contraction of smooth muscle.

Question 16

comliance

Answer 16

distensibility, or easy with which the lungs expand under pressure. (must be compliant to be undergo inspiration)

Question 17

Elasticity

Answer 17

tendency to return to initial size after being stretched. (must be elastic for elasticity to occur)

Question 18

Why are lungs elastic?

Answer 18

Due to the amount of elastin in the the lungs. (elastin is a elastic tissue)

Question 19

What causes compliance?

Answer 19

lungs rebound when they are stretched.

Question 20

What is surfactant?

Answer 20

1. created by type 2 alveolar cells
2. decreases the surface tension within the alveoli, which then causes increased compliance and decreased tendency to recoil.

Question 21

What is respiratory Distress Syndrome?

Answer 21

the surfactant is produced late in the fetal development. Seen mostly in premature infants, not enough surfactant which creates decreased compliance which causes lungs to collapse and lungs can’t inflate.