Respiration #1 Flashcards
What is cellular respiration?
- Use of O2 by the cell (mitochondria) to make ATP
2. Production of CO2 by the cell.
What is respiration?
The process of gas exchange
External respiration?
exchange of oxygen and CO2 between atmosphere and tissues.
Equation for flow?
F=(change) P/R
The lungs DO NOT stretch to fill the thorax? True or False?
FALSE. The lungs DO stretch to fill the thorax. This is due to elasticity.
Boyles Law:
P1V1=P2V2
What happens during inspiration?
- The external intercostals contract.
- Diaphragm contracts.
- The ribs move outward
How much pressure is in the the diaphragm during and after contraction in inspiration?
Resting–760 mmHg
contracting–759 mmHg
What happens during expiration?
1.External intercostals relax
2.Internal intercostals contract
3. abdominals contract (active expiration only)
4. Diaphragm relaxes
5 lungs contract
how much pressure is in the diaphragm during and after contraction in expiration?
contracting 760 mmHg
relaxing 761 mmHg
Define Pneumothorax:
Air in the chest
What is the primary determinate for air resistance?
the radius conducting the airway.
What system controls the the contraction during air resistance?
the autonomic system–it contracts the smooth muscles of the bronchioles. This is what changes the radii.
Bronchodialation
sympathetic system–relaxation of the smooth muscle
Bronchoconstriction
parasympathetic–contraction of smooth muscle.
comliance
distensibility, or easy with which the lungs expand under pressure. (must be compliant to be undergo inspiration)
Elasticity
tendency to return to initial size after being stretched. (must be elastic for elasticity to occur)
Why are lungs elastic?
Due to the amount of elastin in the the lungs. (elastin is a elastic tissue)
What causes compliance?
lungs rebound when they are stretched.
What is surfactant?
- created by type 2 alveolar cells
- decreases the surface tension within the alveoli, which then causes increased compliance and decreased tendency to recoil.
What is respiratory Distress Syndrome?
the surfactant is produced late in the fetal development. Seen mostly in premature infants, not enough surfactant which creates decreased compliance which causes lungs to collapse and lungs can’t inflate.
