Respiatory Systems Flashcards
Explain the journey of air travelling through nose and body
Breath in air travels through nasal cavity, trachea down bronchi in lungs
Travels to smallest branches to alveoli
Gas exchange occurs, 02 diffuses into blood
This travels around the system circulation and delivers 02 to the cells for energy
C02 is released and diffuses into blood
Travels in veins to right side of heart
In lungs the C02 diffuses into alveoli
When we exhale C02 travels up through trachea and out through the nose and mouth
What does nasal conchae do?
Increase SA of nasal cavity
What does moist mucosa have?
Rich blood supply to warm and humidify the air
What is the nasal cavity lined with?
Ciliated epithelium which contains mucus secreting goblet cells
How does process of olfaction begin?
Begins with olfactory fibres that line the nasal cavities inside the nose
As air enters cavities, some chemicals in the air bind to and activate nervous system receptors in cilia
Stimulus sends a signal to the brain
Neurones take the signal from the nasal cavities and then to olfactory bulbs
What is the pharynx
Contains tonsils
Stops large particles sticking to mucosa
Nasopharynx…
Conducts air only
Laryngopharynx….
Conducts air, food, drink
What is the larynx?
The voice box
Sound production
Keeps food and drink out of trachea
What is the trachea?
Rigid tube supported by cartilage
Conducts air from larynx to bronchi
Respiratory epithelium also traps dust particles
What is type 1 of alveoli?
Squamous alveolar cells
Thin so aids diffusion
What is type 2 of alveolar cells?
Cuboidal
Secretes pulmonary surfactant, lower surface tension of water, allows re-inhalation after exhalation and prevents collapse when we breathe out
