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Pedia > Respi, Nelson + Misc > Flashcards

Respi, Nelson + Misc Flashcards

1
Q
  • acute onset * bilateral pulmonary edema * no left arterial pressure elevation * pao2 to fio2 ratio of 201 to 300
A

Acute lung injury

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2
Q

ARDS has pao2 to fio2 ratio of ___

A

Less than or equal to 200

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3
Q

the most common cause of pneumothorax is ___

A

overinflation

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4
Q

what happens when there is an accumulation of air within the pleural space that is sufficient to elevated intra pleural pressure above the atmospheric lever

A

tension pneumothorax

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5
Q

patient with noted sudden onset dyspnea and cyanosis with hyper resonance and diminished breath sound on the affected side. the heart is displaced toward the unaffected side and the diaphragm is displaced downward. what is the diagnosis

A

pneumothorax

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6
Q

__ is signified by hyperlucency around the heart border and between the sternum

A

pneumomediastinum

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7
Q

Increase risk of asthma later in life

A

RSV infection

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8
Q

Reversible airway disease involving both small and large airways

A

Bronchial asthma

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9
Q

3 components of asthma attack

A

Bronchospasm, mucus production, airway edema

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10
Q

PFT is not routinely done in children ___ years old

A

Less than 5

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11
Q

This is the outcome of chronic inflammation in asthma

A

Airway remodelling

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12
Q

Most common chronic disease of childhood in industrialized cointries

A

Asthma

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13
Q

Prevalence of asthma among sexes

A

Pre-puberty - boys:girls = 3:1
Adolescence - boys=girls
Adult-onset - F>M

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14
Q

NSAID that can specifically aggravate asthma

A

Aspirin

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15
Q

Phase of respiration prolonged in an acute asthma exacerbation

A

Expiratory phase

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16
Q

This causes absence of classic wheezing in acute episodes of asthma

A

Poor air movement from airway obstruction

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17
Q

A PE finding in asthma whereby there is a decrease in BP of > 15 mmHg with inspiration

A

Pulsus paradoxus

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18
Q

Uses of spirometry

A

1) Monitor response to treatment 2) Assess degree of reversibility with therapy 3) Measure severity of exacerbation

19
Q

Age at which children can perform spirometry procedures

A

5 y/o

20
Q

7-year-old girl is well when she leaves for school, but arrives home afterwards with a sore throat and runny nose. Causative agent?

A

Rhinovirus

21
Q

17-year-old sexually active adolescent has acute onset of fever, cough, conjunctivitis, and pharyngitis.

A

Adenovirus

22
Q

MCC of common cold

A

Rhinovirus

23
Q

Most frequent illness of childhood

A

Common cold

24
Q

Most common medical reason to miss school

A

Common cold

25
Q

Vest treatment for the common cold

A

Increase OFI

26
Q

Most common chronic lung disease in children

A

Asthma

27
Q

Most common cause of cough in school-age children

A

Asthma

28
Q

Most important risk factor for development of asthma

A

Combination of RSV-related bronchiolitis and a genetic predisposition for atopic disease

29
Q

Type of asthma: Immunologically mediated Develop in childhood

A

Extrinsic

30
Q

Type of asthma: No identifiable cause , Late onset, Worsen with age

A

Intrinsic

31
Q

Levels of asthma control, under 5

A

IMG

32
Q

Asthma exacerbation, under 5

A

IMG

33
Q

Asthma indications for referral to hospital

A

IMG

34
Q

Asthma severity classification

A

IMG

35
Q

Most important study in asthma

A

Spirometry

36
Q

O2 is indicated for all asthmatics to keep O2 saturation > ___

A

95%

37
Q

___ should not be used for acute asthma exacerbation.

A

Long-acting β2 agonist (salmeterol)

38
Q

Condition in which a progressively worsening asthma attack is unresponsive to usual therapy

A

Status asthmaticus (Life-threatening form of asthma)

39
Q

Pulsus paradoxus >20mmHg; Hypotension, tachycardia; Cyanosis; One- to two-word dyspnea; Lethargy; Agitation; Retractions; Silent chest (no wheezes—poor air exchange)

A

Status asthmaticus

40
Q

Chest x-ray with fine, diffuse reticulogranular or “ground glass” pattern and air bronchograms

A

RDS

41
Q

Complications of TREATMENT of RDS

A

1) Retrolental fibroplasia, which is retinal vessel proliferation 2) Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (supplemental oxygen requirements beyond 28 days of life)

42
Q

Risk factors for RDS

A

1) Poorly controlled maternal DM 2) Perinatal asphyxia 3) Antepartum hemorrhage 4) Multiple pregnancies 5) Male gender

43
Q

Majority of childhood asthma develops ___ years old

A

Less than 3

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