Resp with ENT Flashcards

1
Q

cause of CAP <5yo

A

viral

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2
Q

benefit of CF

A

protection against salmonella typhi

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3
Q

organism in chronic otitis media

A

pseudomonas

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4
Q

hayfever treatments

A

1) PO or nasal antihistamine
2) nasal corticosteroid (drops if severe obstruction)

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5
Q

abx for severe ezcema/cellulitis

A

IV benpen and fluclox (or just IV coamox)

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6
Q

rinnes test in sensorineural hearing loss

A

normal

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7
Q

croup + toxic looking child =

A

bacterial tracheitis - S aureus

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8
Q

cause and management of bacterial tracheitisi

A

S aureas or M catarrhalis
IV abx and intubate
dont examine

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9
Q

CAP organisms in neonates

A

GBS
listeria
S aureus

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10
Q

CAP organisms in under 5s

A

1) viral
2) strep pneumoniaw

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11
Q

CAP organisms in over 5s

A

strep pneumoniae and mycoplasma

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12
Q

treatment of >2yo with ?viral CAP

A

abx (all over 2s get abx as it’s difficult to tell viral vs bacterial clinically)

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13
Q

how to approach an <5yo with ?asthma

A

8 week trial of moderate dose ICS then 4 weeks off
if symptoms resolve then return, treat

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14
Q

asthma ladder (preventative)

A

1) salbutamol
2) salbutamol + LD ICS (200mcg BD)
3) salbutamol + LD ICS + LRTA

if under 5yo, refer now

4) salbutamol + LD ICS + LABA
5) LD MART
6) MD MART or,
salbutamol + MD ICS (400 mcg BD) + LABA

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15
Q

which children with CAP should get a CXR

A

not improving after 48hrs
(CXR not routine initially)

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16
Q

initial management of chronic otitis media with effusion

A

watchful waiting for 3 months, with a hearing test at the start and end of this time

if the child has Down’s syndrome/cleft palate/significant impairment causing developmental issues or school disruption, refer to ENT immediately

17
Q

spirometry in asthma

A

FRV1/FVC <70%

improvement of 12% in FEV1

18
Q

FeNO in asthma

19
Q

asthma low and medium dose ICS

A

200 and 400

20
Q

which abx for CAP

A

amoxicillin
add clarithromycin if not improving after 2 days

coamox if also has influenza

5 days

21
Q

BPD definition

A

needing O2 at 36 weeks corrected gestation

22
Q

BPD CXR

A

widespread opacification

23
Q

prognosis of asthma <2yo

A

gone by secondary school

24
Q

croup but too unwell for PO dex

A

INH budesonide
IM dex

25
false negative sweat test
eczema coeliac adrenal insufficiency
26
treatment for viscous sputum in CF
neb DNAse or hypertonic saline
27
T1 resp failure - pathophysiology and causes
obstructive early asthma pneumonia PE pulmonary oedema
28
T2 resp failure - pathophysiology and causes
restrictive late asthma head injury/spinal injury/opiate pneumothorax FB causing hyperinflation
29
pneumocystis pneumonia prophylaxis
Cotrimoxazole
30
what does heel prick for CF test
high IRT then common mutations
31
CF abx
S aureus prophylaxis - fluclox or azithromycin new cough tx - coamox or cotrimoxazole pseudomonas tx - ciprofloxacin Needs 2 abx if IV
32
otitis media without perforation?
offer ear drops with analgesia and anaesthetic (Phenazone 40 mg/g with lidocaine 10 mg/g. Apply 4 drops two or three times a day for up to 7 days, available as Otigo® )
33
DM in CF
its own type annual OGTT
34
webers in conductive loss
loudest on bad side
35
CF with wheeze and high IgE
allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis steroids daily for 2/52 then every other day for 3 months