Neonates Flashcards
breastmilk is low in which vitamins
FeDK
RF for BPD
barotrauma
prolonged ventilation
cause of haemolytic disease of the newborn
IgG crosses the placenta –> AbAg agglutination –> extravascular haemolysis (spleen)
direct vs indirect Coombs
direct diagnoses haemolysis
indirect shows ABO vs Rhesus, matches transfusions, identifies sensitised mums
causes of neonatal hepatitis
idiopathic
Hep A/B/C
rubella
CMV
omphalocele vs gastroschisis
omphalocele - covered, syndromes, poor survival
gastroschisis - uncovered, better survival unless bowel injury IU (foetal death)
where to do sats
pre ductal (R hand or ear)
pathophysiology of MAS
mechanical obstruction = atelectasis
chemical pneumonitis
neonatal chlamydia
week 2 of life
give PO erythromycin as it covers pnuemonia too
neonatal resus pressures
30/5 in 21% if term
25/5 in 30% if <32/40
APGAR scores
aim 3 and 7 at 1 and 5 mins
microcolon
meconium ileus or other small bowel obstruction
location of meconium ileus
terminal ileum (SB)
contraindications to breastfeeding
HIV with high viral load
galactosaemia in infant
current chemo or other unavoidable toxic drugs
hyperoxia test results
improved oxygenation in PPHN or other pulmonary causes
continued poor oxygenation in cardiac conditions
faltering growth cut offs
1 centile if <9th
2 centiles if 9-91
3 centiles if >91st
red flags on fever <5yo
CRIB SCANS
Cry weak or high pitched
Recessions or grunting
Ill to healthcare professional
Breathing >60
Skin turgor
Colour off
Age <3months with fever >38
Neuro signs
Social cues/not easy to rouse
small pale nodules in congenital infection
listeria
next best step for ambiguous genitalia
U+Es for salt wasting
BM for hypoglycaemia
petechial rash in a well neonate
localised - review in 24h
generalised - FBC to r/o alloimmune thrombocytopaenia
red flags for neonatal sepsis
AMISS
Apnoea
Mechanical ventilation or CPR
Infection in twin
Seizure
Shock
