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FOP > Neuro > Flashcards

Neuro Flashcards

1
Q

signs of achondrodysplasia in neonates

A

arrest of femur development at 28 weeks gestation
macrocephaly secondary to foramen magnum stenosis

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2
Q

how to distinguish GBS and tranvserve myelitis

A

GBS is LMN signs
transverse myelitis is UMN signs

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3
Q

seizure type and EEG of benign rolandic epilepsy

A

facial twitching
centrotemporal spikes

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4
Q

vomiting before seizure =

A

panayiotopoulos syndrome

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5
Q

calcification pattern in CMV and toxoplasmosis

A

CMV = periventricular
toxoplasmosis = diffuse

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6
Q

features of Sotos syndrome

A

macrocephaly
large hands and feet
interlectual impairment

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7
Q

Features of glutaric aciduria type 1

A

encephalopathy
subdural effusions

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8
Q

features of Landau Kleffner syndrome

A

normal –> aphasia –> epilepsy

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9
Q

features of angelmans syndrome

A

cognitive impairment
happy
flappy hands
jerky movements
microcephaly
blonde hair

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10
Q

angelmans syndrome numbers

A

15q11.2-q13

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11
Q

location of acute viral encephalitis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis

A

AVE = grey
ADEM = white

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12
Q

friedrich’s ataxia inheritance

A

autosomal recessive
GAA repeat on FXN gene

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13
Q

Friedrich’s ataxia presentation

A

progressive ataxia
absent reflexes
dysarthria
kyphoscoliosis
HOCM/CCF
DM
optic atrophy

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14
Q

meds for tonic clonic

A

valproate/lamotrigine

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15
Q

meds for absence

A

ethosuximide/valproate

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16
Q

meds for myoclonic

A

valproate/keppra

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17
Q

tonic/atonic

A

valproate/lamotrigine

18
Q

presentation of Lennox Gastaut

A

frequent status epilepticus

19
Q

Rx neonatal seizures

A

phenobarbitol

20
Q

Rett syndrome course

A

normal development until 6-18 months the regression

21
Q

sun setting sign

A

hydrocephalus

22
Q

communicating hydrocephalus

A

meningitis

23
Q

non communicating hydrocephalus

A

aquaduct stenosis
atresia of the outflow of the forth ventricle
chiari malformation
fossa neoplasm or malformation

24
Q

main complication of VP shunt

A

Obstruction
Staph infection

25
Q

Sturge Weber eye manifestation

A

glaucoma

26
Q

Ix in all children with seizures

A

ECG to r/o long QT

27
Q

Seizures in sleep

A

Benign rolandic or Lennox Gastaut

28
Q

Ix in Bells Palsy

A

Bp - association with CoA and renal failure

29
Q

Charcot Marie Tooth
- inheritence
- biopsy
- signs

A

autosomal dominant
onion bulb
bilateral foot drop

30
Q

meningiocele vs myelomeningocele

A

meningiocele = meninges bulge, skin covers
myelomeningiocele = meninges and cord protrudes, often no skin

31
Q

hip in myelomeningiocele

A

dislocation due to low tone

32
Q

which lesions cause a facial nerve palsy

A

pontine

33
Q

night terrors with posturing?

A

get EEG for ?frontal lobe epilepsy

34
Q

management of night terrors

A

sleep hygiene

35
Q

which bug is associated with hearing loss in meningitis

A

HiB

36
Q

how to reduce hearing loss in meningitis

A

early dex

37
Q

What to do for a first presentation of infantile spasm

A

paediatric neurologist within 24hrs

38
Q

management of infantile spasms

A

vigabatrin and prednisolone (unless has tuberus sclerosis)
weekly review and urine glucose and bp
repeat sleep EEG at 2 weeks

other AED or ketogenic diet is second line

39
Q

meningitis with acute hydrocephalus

A

TB

40
Q

presentation of SSPE

A

behaviour change
jerky movements
aphasia
dementia

41
Q

Ix for SSPE

A

EEG
Elevated CSF: serum specific IgG

42
Q

4th nerve palsy

-nerve name
- muscle name
- action
- presentation of palsy

A

trochlear
superior oblique
depresses eye (used for walking down stairs)
elevated and lateral position in palsy

FOP (13 decks)

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