Resp-tate

Question 1

Laryngeal hemiplegia-most common breeds

Answer 1

Thoroughbred, standardbred

Question 2

Laryngeal hemiplegia

Answer 2

• failure of arytenlid cartilage cornicular process to abduct due to nerve damage and resultant atrophy of CAD muscle
• inspiratory noise only
• vocal cord laxity

Question 3

consider these things if bilateral paralysis of arytenoid cartilages

Answer 3

arytenoid chondritis, hypertrophic ossification of laryngeal cartilages

Question 4

laryngeal hemiplegia-definitive dx

Answer 4

only by endoscopy

Question 5

Aryepiglottic fold envelopes the epiglottis

Answer 5

entrapment of epiglottis

Question 6

Hitting_____ when tubing horses can cause epistaxis

Answer 6

middle nasal conchae

Question 7

Nerve damage in guttual pouch produces what clinical sign?

Answer 7

Horner’s syndrome (miosis, ptosis, enopthalmus)

Question 8

Study findings-LLH

Answer 8

• decreased pH, PaO2
• increased PaCO2
• variable effect on HR

Question 9

Adductor larygeal muscles

Answer 9

• lateralis
• ventricularis
• transversus

these are NOT affected in LLH

Question 10

most common cause of LLH

Answer 10

genetic

Question 11

if laryngeal hemiplegia is on the right side, what are the most common causes?

Answer 11

iatrogenic or infection

Question 12

muscular process is between what muscles?

Answer 12

cricopharyngeus & thyropharyngeus

Question 13

Treated with laryngotomy

Answer 13

• arytenoid abnormalities-chondritis
• ventriculectomy & vocal chordectomy
• pharyngeal & laryngeal cyst
• DDSP
• epiglottis entrapment

Question 14

Most common locations of congenital respiratory cysts

Answer 14

• dorsal pharyngeal
• subepiglottic

Question 15

Embryonic origin of subepiglottic cysts

Answer 15

thyroglossal duct

Question 16

Embryonic origin of dorsal pharyngeal cysts

Answer 16

Rathke’s pouch

Question 17

Embryonic origin of ventricular cysts

Answer 17

parotid gland tissue

Question 18

Etiologies of DDSP

Answer 18

• increased negative pressure
• nerve damage
• hypoplastic epiglottis
• tranquilizers, twitch

Question 19

Tie forward

Answer 19

• suture through thyroid cartilage, around lingual process and basihyoid bone, move entire larynx forward and up and epiglottis ends above soft palate
• successful ~50% of the time (other surgeries have similar success)

Question 20

Tx of epiglottis entrapment

Answer 20

1. laryngotomy-aryepiglottic fold resection
2. orally-aryepiglottic fold divided with hook knife
3. laser-aryepiglottic fold axially divided

Question 21

How to cut with laser if using a non contact fiber for epiglottis entrapment

Answer 21

cut caudal border to tip

Question 22

How to cut with laser if using contact fiber for epiglottis entrapment

Answer 22

cut tip to caudal border

Question 23

Hypoplastic epiglottis is involved in:

Answer 23

• DDSP
• epiglottis entrapment

Question 24

what do you see with entrapment of epiglottis?

Answer 24

see silhouette but not vascular pattern or scalloped edges