Resp - Summary Of Chest Signs

Question 1

Pleural effusion: general features, trachea and chest movements

Answer 1

• General features: SOB, features associated with cause
• Trachea: central or away
• Chest Mov: decreased

Question 2

Pleural effusion: percussion note, breath sounds, added sounds

Answer 2

• Stony dull
• decreased, bronchial breathing at upper limit
• none

Question 3

Pneumothorax: general, trachea, chest movement

Answer 3

• SOB, features associated with any underlying disease
• central or away
• decreased

Question 4

Pneumothorax: percussion note, breath sounds, added sounds

Answer 4

• Hyper-resonant
• decreased
• none

Question 5

Consolidation: general, trachea, chest movement

Answer 5

• SOB, productive cough + features associated with underlying lung disease
• central
• decreased

Question 6

Consolidation: percussion note, breath sounds, added sounds

Answer 6

• dull
• bronchial if airway patent
• coarse crepitations, possible rub

Question 7

Fibrosis: general, trachea, chest movements

Answer 7

• SOB, poss cyanosis, dry cough, clubbing, cor pulmonale
• central
• decreased

Question 8

Fibrosis: percussion note, breath sounds, added sounds

Answer 8

• normal/dull at bases
• decreased or bronchial if severe
• fine late inspiratory creps

Question 9

Collapse: general, trachea, chest movements

Answer 9

• General: N/a
• Trachea: towards lesion
• decreased on affected side

Question 10

Collapse: percussion note, breath sounds, added sounds

Answer 10

• dull
• bronchial or diminished
• none

Question 11

Bronchiectasis: general, trachea, chest movement

Answer 11

• SOB, cachexia, cyanosis, productive cough
• central
• decreased on affected side

Question 12

Bronchiectasis: percussion note, breath sounds, added sounds

Answer 12

• variable
• decreased
• coarse creps (exp and insp), wheeze in in 50%

Question 13

Lobectomy/pneumonectomy: general, trachea, chest movement

Answer 13

• Lobectomy scar, features associated with cause, may have displaced apex
• central or towards lobe/pneumonectomy
• decreased on affected side

Question 14

Lobectomy/pneumonectomy: percussion note, breath sounds, added sounds

Answer 14

• Dull over area (normal in remaining areas)
• decreased in lobectomy, absent in pneumo
• none

Question 15

Lung carcinoma: general, trachea, chest movement

Answer 15

• SOB, cachexia, hoarse voice (lung Ca red flags)
• Central or deviated to affected side
• decreased on affected side

Question 16

Lung carcinoma: percussion note, breath sounds, added sounds

Answer 16

• dull, esp if apical tumour
• normal or bronchial
• may have crackles and stridor/wheeze if airway is compressed

Question 17

Asthma: general, tracheal and chest movements

Answer 17

• all features of asthma + may look cushinoid
• central
• decreased symmetrically

Question 18

Asthma: percussion note, breath sounds and added sounds

Answer 18

• normal or hyper-resonant
• normal or reduced
• polyphonic wheeze

Question 19

COPD: general, trachea and chest movement

Answer 19

• SOB, wheeze, pursed lips, breathing, cyanosis, asterixis
• central (with tug)
• Decreased symmetrically OR tripoding

Question 20

COPD: percussion note, breath sounds and added sounds

Answer 20

• normal or hyper-resonant
• normal or decreased
• crepitations and wheeze