GI - Causes Of Gastroenteritis And Incubation Periods Flashcards

1
Q

E. coli: Typical presentation

A
  • Common amongst travellers
  • Watery stools
  • Abdominal cramps and nausea
  • Incubation period 12-48h
  • Treatment: do not treat if suspect E Coli 0157, will only worsen situation
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2
Q

Giardiasis: typical presentation and treatment

A
  • Caused by flagellate protozoan Giardiasis Lamblia - spread faeco-oral route
  • Often asymptomatic
  • Lethargy, bloating, abdominal pain, non-bloody diarrhoea
  • Incubation period > 7 days
  • Treatment: metronidazole
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3
Q

Cholera: typical presentation and treatment

A
  • Profuse, water diarrhoea
  • Severe dehydration resulting in weight loss
  • Not common amongst travellers
  • Aggressive IV fluid rehydration + Doxycycline if very unwell
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4
Q

Shigella: typical presentation and treatment

A
  • Bloody diarrhea
  • Vomiting and abdo pain
  • Incubation period 48-72h
  • Treatment: ciprofloxacin
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5
Q

Staphylococcus aureus: typical presentation

A
  • Severe vomiting

- Short incubation period 1-6h

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6
Q

Campylobacter: typical presentation, complications and treatment

A
  • Flu like prodrome, usually followed by crappy abdominal pains, fever and diarrhoea which may be bloody
  • May mimic appendicitis
  • Complications include Guillain-Barre’ syndrome
  • Incubation period is 48-72h
  • Clarithromycin
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7
Q

Bacillus cereus: association and typical presentation

A

Two types of illness are seen

  • Vomiting within 6h, stereotypically due to rice
  • Diarrhoeal illness occurring after 6 hours
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8
Q

Amoebiasis: typical presentation

A
  • Gradual onset bloody diarrhoea, abdo pain and tenderness which may last for several weeks.
  • Incubation period >7 days
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9
Q

MRSA: how do you do MRSA suppression from a carrier once identified?

A
  • Nose: mupirocin 2% in white soft paraffin, TDS for 5 days

- Skin: chlorhexidine gluconate OD for 5 days - apply all over especially to axilla, groin and perineum

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10
Q

What antibiotics are used for MRSA treatment?

A
  • Vancomycin
  • Teicoplanin
  • Linezolid
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11
Q

What antibiotics should we avoided to use alone when treatment MRSA (to avoid resistance development)

A
  • Rifampicin
  • Macrolides
  • Tetracyclines
  • Aminoglycosides
  • Clindamycin
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12
Q

Clostridium difficile: recommended treatment

A
  • First episode: metronidazole

- Second or subsequent episode: vancomycin

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