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AKT > resp renal csv > Flashcards

resp renal csv Flashcards

1
Q

how long course of acute otitis media

A

4 days

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2
Q

how long course of acute sore throat/acute pharyngitis/acute tonsillitis

A

1 week

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3
Q

how long course of common cold

A

1 1/2 weeks

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4
Q

how long course of acute rhinosinusitis

A

2 1/2 weeks

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5
Q

how long course of acute cough/acute bronchitis

A

3 weeks

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6
Q

features of severe asthma (PEFR, HR, RR)

A

PEFR 33-50, hr>100 rr>25

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7
Q

features of mild asthma (PEFR, HR, RR)

A

PEFR >50, hr<100, rr<25

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8
Q

features of life threatening asthma (PEFR, HR, RR)

A

PEFR <33, cyanosis

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9
Q

HSP has a degree of overlap with

A

IgA nephropathy

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10
Q

difference between iga neph and post strep glomerulonephritis

A

Iga - symptoms 1-2 days after urti, for PSGN 1-2 weeks and has low compelent

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11
Q

squamous cell lung Ca is associated with what syndrome

A

hypercalcaemia sec to PTH-rp

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12
Q

egg shell calcification of hilar lymph nodes on xray

A

silicosis

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13
Q

alcoholic has pnemonia, organism?

A

klebsiella

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14
Q

COPD pneumonia - what organism

A

haemophilus

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15
Q

Sinusitis, haemoptysis, haematuria - diagnosis?

A

Granulomatosis with polyangitis

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16
Q

sinusitis, asthma, haematuria, eosinophilia - diagnosis?

A

Churg-Strauss

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17
Q

Dyspnoea, cough, painful shin lesions, bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy - diagnosis?

A

sarcoidosis

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18
Q

Small cell lung carcinoma - associated with which paraneoplastic syndrome

A

hyponatraemia secondary to ADH secretion

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19
Q

Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiencyassociated with

A

panacinar emphysema

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20
Q

CKD on dialysis, most likely cause of death

A

Ischaemic heart disease

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21
Q

recurrent episodes of dyspnoea, cough and fever, chest x-ray taken shows mid-zone fibrosis - diagnosis?

A

extrinsic allergic alveolitis

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22
Q

nicotine replacement: contraindication to the prescription of bupropion

A

epilepsy, pregnancy and breast feeding

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23
Q

nicotine replacement: Varenicline contraindication

A

caution in patients with a history of depression or self-harm; contraindicated in pregnancy and breastfeeding

24
Q

paraneoplastic: Which type of cancer is most associated with hypercalcaemia secondary to PTH-rp?

A

Squamous cell

25
Q

squamous cell lung Ca paraneoplastic features

A

parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTH-rp)secretion causing hypercalcaemia; clubbing; hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy (HPOA); hyperthyroidism due to ectopic TSH

26
Q

small cell lung Carcinoma paraneoplastic features

A

ADH
ACTH - not typical, hypertension, hyperglycaemia, hypokalaemia, alkalosis and muscle weakness are more common than buffalo hump etc
Lambert-Eaton syndrome

27
Q

adenocarcinoma paraneoplastic features

A

gynecomastia

28
Q

Asthmatic features/features suggesting steroid responsiveness in COPD:

A

previous diagnosis of asthma or atopy
a higher blood eosinophil count
substantial variation in FEV1 over time (at least 400 ml)
substantial diurnal variation in peak expiratory flow (at least 20%)

29
Q

what in FBC would support diagnosis of lung cancer

A

raised platelets

30
Q

What is the main therapeutic benefit of inhaled corticosteroids in patients with COPD?

A

Reduced frequency of exacerbations

31
Q

recurrent collapse during exertion presents with progressive shortness of breath

A

aortic stenosis

32
Q

FVC, FEV1/FVC for pulmonary fibrosis

A

FVC - reduced, FEV1/FVC - normal

33
Q

FVC, FEV1/FVC for COPD

A

FVC - reduced, FEV1/FVC - redued

34
Q

Varenicline mechanism of action

A

nicotinic receptor partial agonist

35
Q

Bupropion mechanism of action

A

a norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor and nicotinic antagonist

36
Q

Additional med to prescribe for end stage COPD to control symptoms

A

Opioids such as liquid morphine

37
Q

what is the minimum number of salbutamol prescriptions in the past 12 months that should prompt an urgent review of a patient’s asthma control?

A

12

38
Q

lung cancer for parients who do not smoke, exposure to?

A

passive smoking

39
Q

marker most useful for monitoring the progression of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?

A

FEV1

40
Q

haemoptysis and flat nose

A

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis

41
Q

Chest x-ray shows a rounded opacity in the right upper zone surrounded by a rim of air.

A

Aspergilloma

42
Q

haemoptysis is associated with what heart sounds

A

mitral stenosis

43
Q

medication to prevent mountain sickenss

A

acetazolamide

44
Q

Indications for LTOT for COPD

A

a pO2 of < 7.3 kPa or to those with a pO2 of 7.3 - 8 kPa and one of the following:
secondary polycythaemia
peripheral oedema
pulmonary hypertension

45
Q

bronchodilator reversibility testing in adults - which parameters show reversibility

A

improvement in FEV1 of 12% or more, together with an increase in volume of at least 200 mL (Note FEV1 so FEV1/FVC or FVC alone not important)

46
Q

next step for a patient with new diagnosis of occupational asthma

A

refer to respiratory

47
Q

most important in the long term control of symptoms of bronchiectasis

A

postural drainage

48
Q

smoking cessation: interventions that may be offered to pregnant women is most efficacious

A

CBT

49
Q

first-line antibiotic for acute bronchitis unless pregnant/child

A

doxycycline

50
Q

COPD on prophylactic azithromycin started smoking again - next step

A

stop azithromycina nd refer to respiratory

51
Q

Patients receiving LTOT should breathe supplemental oxygen for at least how many hours per day

A

15 hours

52
Q

pulmonary fibrosis average life expectancy

A

3-4 years

53
Q

how many measurements of PO2 needed to determine LTOT

A

2

54
Q

how is o2 ordered for LTOT on COPD

A

Home oxygen order form

55
Q

dose of steroid for acute COPD exacerbation

A

3mg for 5 days

56
Q

requirements for prophylactic abx for COPD

A

not currently smoker, had CT scan to exclude bronchiectasis, had sputum culture, had 5 exacerbations in 1 year

57
Q

what number of courses of oral or intravenous steroids in the past 12 months should prompt referral to secondary care for optimisation of asthma treatment?

A

more than 2

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