Resp infections Flashcards
Key samples for Resp infections
Blood and sputum
Pneumonia
- Strep. pneumoniae
- Cultured on blood agar
- Gram positive diplococcus
- Optochine sensitive
- Alpha haemolysis on blood agar
Treatment for penumoniae
Amoxicillin
Gram positive antibiotics
Most gram positive amoxicillin or flucoxacilin - susceptible to beta-lactam antibiotics
What does strep pneumonia cause
Infiltration of Alveolar cavity
Sputum
HEADACHES AND STUFF FEVER
Legionella pneumophila
- Suspect in severe community acquired pneumonia or travel to Spain or damp arounded the house or unclogged filters or mould growing or something
- Causes atypical pneumonia - infiltrates alveolar interstitium
- less of a fever and headache
Other atypical pneumoniaes
Chlamydia pneumophila
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Coxiella burnetti
First line for legionella
Clarithromycin
COPD your either …
Pink puffer or Blue bloater
What bacteria are involved in acute exacerbations in COPD
H. influenae - most common - gram negative bacillus
S. pneumoniae
H influenzae treatment in COPD
- B lactamase negative: Amoxicillin
- B lactamase positive: Co amoxiclav
TB stain
- Ziehl Neelsen stain - doesnt stain properly with gram stain
- Acid fast bacteria - stains red against typically blue background - main way of identifying TB
- Gram-positive rod under microscope
TB culture
Lowenstein Jensen
Histological TB
Central caseating granulomas
Non caseating granulomas
Sarcoidosis, leprosy and Crohns
