Resp Flashcards
Give an example of type 1 respiratory failure?
Pulmonary embolism, pulmonary oedema or pneumonia
What would the FEV1/FVC ratio be in an obstructive airway?
<0.7 (70%)
What would the FEV1/FVC ratio be in an restrictive airway?
> 0.7
Give an example of restrictive airway disease?
Interstitial lung disease, pulmonary fibrosis, chest wall deformity eg kyposcloiosis, obesity
Give 3 causes of respiratory failure? (LAVISH)
Low inspired oxygen, alveolar hyperventilation, impaired diffusion, shunt, hypoventilation
What is the definition of bronchitis?
Cough or sputum production for 3 months for 2 or more years
Give 5 symptoms of COPD?
Cough, sputum, dyspnoea, SOB, wheeze
Give 2 pathogen causes of typical pneumonia?
S.pneumoniae, H.influenzea, Staph Aureus
Give 2 pathogen causes of atypical pneumonia?
Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Legionella pneumoniphillia
Give 3 clinical features of pneumonia?
Fever, Rigor, malaise, anorexia, dyspnoea, cough
How would you diagnose pneumonia?
Urine and blood cultures, bloods, endoscopy and biopsy, X-ray
What is the CURB-65 score?
Confusion, urea >7 mol, resp rate >30, BP <90
Give 2 complications of pneumonia?
Septicaemia, Lung abcess, para-pneumonic effusion
Give 3 diagnostic approaches to Asthma?
Peak Expiratory Flow, Bronchodilator reversibility testing, exhaled nitric oxide
Give 2 symptoms of bronchiectasis?
Perisistant cough with foul smelling sputum, wheeze and chest pain
Give 3 symptoms of TB?
Cough, night sweat, weight loss and haemoptysis
How can you diagnose TB?
Mantoux test
Give 2 transudate causes of pleural effusion?
Heart failure, liver cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome, hypothyroid
Give 2 exudate causes of pleural effusion?
TB, malignancy , pneumonia
Suggest 3 exacerbating factors for asthma?
Cold air, pollution, smoking, infection
Give 2 clinical findings for a patient with asthma?
Hyper-resonant percussion, tacypnoea, wheeze
