Resource Management Flashcards
What are the impacts of lack food?
When people cannot access enough food or a balanced diet with nutritious food it can lead to malnourishment.
- this limits a child’s growth
- this increases the chances of getting ill
- and also limits a persons energy to work
Why do we need water?
What are the impact of lack of clean water or the impacts of unsafe water?
Clean safe water is used for drinking, cooking and washing.
Water borne diseases such as cholera and typhoid kill many people a year.
Water is needed to produce food, clothes and other products so this has a big impact on people’s lifestyles.
Why do countries need energy?
Energy is needed for use in homes, industry and transport.
Electricity allows countries to develop industry which creates jobs and wealth. HIC lifestyles rely on a large stable supply of energy
Without electricity people burn wood which can lead to deforestation and/or they use kerosene stoves which release harmful fuels.
Is there a difference in the use and consumption of energy between HIC/LIC/NEE?
Yes.
HICs- Use more energy and consume more resources as they have the money to buy and replenish them. They expect a higher standard of living.
NEEs- Consumption is increasing rapidly in places like China. Industry is developing quickly and this requires a lot of energy on top of increasing populations.
LICs- Low consumption and use as they don’t have the money to exploit active resources or import lacking resources.
Why are different types of food becoming more popular?
Seasonal products - Products that are not available at some parts of the year are being imported to meet demands - can also be cheaper to import food even when in season
Organic produce - People are becoming more conscious of the environment and of health. Organic foods are more common. These are strictly regulated so to keep up with demand lots is imported.
High value food - eg tea, coffee, vegetables and fruit. Growing popularity so are exported from LICs
Why is the carbon footprint of our food growing.
Growing, transporting and packagingproduces 10% of the UKs total emissions.
Due to:
Seasonal products / organic produce / High value food - the food miles on our products are increasing.
What is agribusiness and what is changing?
Agribusiness is large scale, industrial farming.
Farm sizes have increased / crops increased to sell for better value.
Chemicals and artificial fertilizers added to encourage growth.
Increase in machinery
Why is water demand increasing?
More household appliances that use lots of water. eg. dishwashers and washing machines
Increase in population
Population densities - building houses in areas of water defecit
Where are the areas of water surplus and deficit in England
The south east of England is and area of high population density but water deficit.
The north west of England and Wales is an area of low population density and water surplus
What is the issue with water pollution in the UK?
How can they make things better?
Nitrates from crop fertilizers contaminate the rivers when they are washed away.
Pollution effects 50% of water in parts of UK
In the south of England (defecit) nearly half of the water comes from groundwater, however now it is becoming polluyed
To improve this make the drainage systems better and impose regulations on fertilisers
How do water transfers help maintain supplies?
What are the issues
Transferring water from areas of surplus to areas of defecit is a good strategy on how to balance out water in the UK. Through the use of dams and aqueducts.
Dams and aqueducts are very expensive
Affect the wildlife in rivers as dams prevent fish migration
How and why has the UK’s energy mix changed?
In 1970 91% of our energy came from coal and oil.
Then it shifted a bit and we started using more gas.
Now we are trying to use more renewables. eg. wind and solar.
In 2014 19% of all electricity was generated from renewable resources.
What is happening to the UK’s coal, oil and gas energy supplies?
Oil and gas reserves are being used up and the production is declining
Less coal is being used to reduce CO2 emissions
Why is global food consumption increasing x3
Population increasing
Economic development - People with more disposable income demand more food and a higher variety.
Industrilisation of agriculture increases the amount of food being eaten as it is cheaper.
What are the impacts of food insecurity?
Famine
Undernutrition
Soil erosion - overgrazing and lack of nutrients in soil prevents the vegetation growing back leaving it exposed to the elements
Rising prices
Social unrest
What strategies and technologies can we use to increase the food supply?
Irrigation
Aeroponics
Hydroponics
Biotechnology
The new green revolution
