Resistance Mechanism

Question 1

When is an organism considered resistant to a given drug?

Answer 1

When it is unlikely to respond to attainable levels of that drug in tissues

Question 2

Laboratory sensitive testing is irrelevant in what types of resistance?

Answer 2

Inherent or intrinsic

Question 3

How do Beta-lactamases work?

Answer 3

Cleave the beta-lactam ring of the antibiotic, rendering it inactive

Question 4

Where are Beta-lactamases common?

Answer 4

Gram negative bacilli

Staph. Aureus

Question 5

Name a beta-lactamase inhibitor that has two components?

Answer 5

Co-amoxiclav

Question 6

What is co-amoxiclav made of?

Answer 6

Clavulanic acid and amoxicillin

Question 7

Name an antibiotic that has been modified to be resistant to beta-lactamase.

Answer 7

Flucloxacillin

Question 8

Which organism produces extended spectrum beta-lactamases

Answer 8

Gram negative

Question 9

Name an organism that have genetically altered target sites to which B-lactams cannot bind

Answer 9

MRSA

Question 10

ESBLS are resistant to which agents?

Answer 10

All B-lactam agents

Question 11

Which organisms have become resistant to vancomycin?

Answer 11

VRES

Enterococcus faecalis and enterococcus faecium