Resistance from the youth Flashcards

1
Q

What were the 3 ways in which the youth showed resistance

A

Jazz/ swing groups
Edelweiss pirates
White rose movement

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2
Q

What class typically made up the swing youth

A

Middle class teenagers

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3
Q

Why did swing groups come around

A

People were fans of american music and pop culture

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4
Q

What did swing groups do

A

Organised illegal dances

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5
Q

What did the jazz youth do

A

Created illegal clubs

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6
Q

How did the Nazis react to jazz and swing groups

A

Believed they were links to heavy drinking, sexual intercourse an high energy dancing and the members lacked true German patriotism

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7
Q

When was there a ban on public dances

A

1940

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8
Q

How did the nazis describe the jazz and swing groups

A

Long hair ‘down to the collar’ that engaged in energetic dancing

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9
Q

When did the swing and jazz resistance mainly occur

A

Late 30s

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10
Q

How were resources for illegal clubs easily purchased

A

They had their middle class influence

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11
Q

What was the aim of the youth and jazz groups

A

Have a more liberal culture and they had a desire to just have a good time

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12
Q

Who did the Edelweiss pirates consist of

A

12 to 18 year old boys

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13
Q

How were Edelweiss pirates identifiable

A

Longer hair than normal and their distinctive clothing e.g. flower and badge

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14
Q

When did resistance begin from the Edelweiss pirates

A

Late 30s

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15
Q

How did the Edelweiss pirates resist pre war

A

Long hikes, camping trips during the war, musical parodies of Hitler youth songs, dirty jokes about Hitler youth

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16
Q

How did the Edelweiss pirates resist during the war

A

Allied leaflets, fights with the Hitler youth, anti Hitler graffiti, protected German deserters and teamed up with communists

17
Q

What was the initial reaction to the pirates

A

The gestapo thought they were just engaging in under age group sexual activities but the police viewed their acts as childish pranks

18
Q

When did the gestapo begin to crackdown on the pirates

A

December 1942

19
Q

When were the pirates arrested

A

7th December 1942

20
Q

How many pirates were arrested on 7th December 1942

A

739

21
Q

Where did the 739 pirates sent when arrested

A

Re education camps

22
Q

When was the decree on combating youth gangs

A

October 1944

23
Q

When were the leaders of the pirates publicly hung

A

November 1944

24
Q

Why were the leaders of the pirates publicly hung

A

They killed the gestapo leader

25
Q

Where was the white rose movement based

A

University of Munich

26
Q

How did the white rose movement act

A

They were non violent, left anonymous anti-Nazi leaflets and graffiti campaigns

27
Q

When did the white rose movement run

A

June 1942- February 1943

28
Q

Why did the white rose movement stop

A

They leaders were arrested and then either killed or imprisoned

29
Q

Who were some leaders of the white rose movement

A

Students: Hans Scholl, Sophie Scholl, Alexander Schmorell, Willi Graf, Christoph Probst
Staff: Kurt Huber (Professor of Philosophy and Musicology)

30
Q

What did the white rose movement want

A

Resistance, highlighted Nazi crimes and acts of oppression denounced persecution/mass-murder of Jews (declared it was wrong)

31
Q

What was the oster conspiracy

A

Plan to replace Hitler

32
Q

Who did the oster conspiracy have general support from

A

Elites

33
Q

What was an issue with the oster conspiracy

A

Foreign policy concerns

34
Q

When did the oster conspiracy come to a head

A

Autumn 1938

35
Q

Who expressed doubts for the oster conspiracy

A

Blomberg and Fritsch, unprepared for war

36
Q

When were invasion plans set out for the oster conspiracy

A

September 1938

37
Q

Who communicated with allies to remove Hitler in the oster conspiracy

A

Head of the army, General Beck

38
Q

Why was there no war with Hitler

A

Allies negotiated with Hitler