Resistance from religion Flashcards
What percentage of the population were protestant
58%
Where did the protestants typically reside
In the north
What percentage of the population were catholic
32%
Where did the Catholics typically reside
South
What is evangelicalism
Extreme protestant ideas, you will be born again type of ideology
What did the German evangelicalism people believe
They were anti sematic and anti communist- communists were against religion
What happened in regards to wedding the SA under German Evangelicalism
Mass weddings to brides for the SA which helped reproduce the Aryan race
What was celebrated nationally in 1933 that was organised by the Nazis
Martin Luther’s 450th birthday
What was the 1934 confessional church
A movement within German Protestantism that arose in opposition to government, sponsored efforts to unify all protestant churches into one single pro-Nazi German Evangelic church
Why did protestants not want a reich church
The new church has opposing views (wanted to maintain Luther ideology), wanted to maintain the penance protestant church and its independence and did not want to be involved in the purging of previously Jewish ministers
How did the Nazi state supress dissenting pastors
Arrested 2 pastors which saw an increase of support, had their salaries stopped and were not allowed to teach the youth
How many pastors were imprisoned by the end of 1937
Over 700
What was the opposition like for the reich church
Generally quiet with conformity from superiors
When was the concordat
July 1933
What was the concordat (agreement with the church)
Church would not interfere with politics but the regime would not interfere with the church
The church would also keep control of its schools, youth organisations and lay groups
Why was the concordat important to the Nazis
Gave moral legitimacy, gave Hitler more power without opposition from the church and international recognition from the pope
What was the importance of concordat for the catholics
Were able to keep control of schools, guaranteed and maintained the rights of the catholic faith in Germany and kept global prestige
When did the Nazis seize catholic organisations and property including religious houses
1933
What happened to the priests in 1933
Placed under surveillance
Who was a leading Catholic killed in the night of long knives
Fritz Gerlich
Did the Catholic hierarchy protest
No
What were newspapers ordered to d in 1933
Drop Catholic from title
When was Papal Encyclical Letter sent
1937
Who sent the Papal Encyclical Letter,
Pope Pius XI
What was the name of Papal Encyclical Letter
With burning grief
What did Papal Encyclical Letter condem
Nazi paganism
Lack of human rights in Germany
The absence of ‘law’
Racial policies
And described Hitler as ‘arrogant and dangerous’
What did Hitler make society do after the letter from the Pope
Make a choice between their religion or Nazism
Who was given religious affairs to handle and what happened because of tis
The SS so persecution and harassment increased
What was removed for all classrooms after the letter from the Pope
Crucifixes
What happened to church youth and voluntary organisations after the Pope letter
Closed down
Why was the support of the protestant church so important to Nazis growth of power
They had the same views about the Aryan race so that extra percentage of the population would have helped
Why did Hitler react the way he did to the Popes letter
Attacked his land and governing which would have hurt his reputation
