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sprinkler systems installer period 2 > Residential > Flashcards

Residential Flashcards

1
Q

3 codebooks for residential sprinklers

A

When residential protection is discussed, there are three codebooks
that need to be consulted:
• NFPA 13D, NFPA 13R, and NFPA 13.
• NFPA 13 is the original standard for protection
• was first introduced in 1896
• NFPA 13D Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems in One- and
Two-Family Dwellings and Manufactured Homes
• was adopted in May 1975
• Scope & Purpose
• NFPA 13R Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems in Low Rise
Residential Occupancies
• A higher degree of safety than the 13D
• Adopted in 1989
• Life safety first, building secondary.

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2
Q

Disadvantages

A
  • Inadequate water supplies
  • May need to add reservoirs
  • Cold/freezing spaces in the homes
  • More water pipes in the house to leak -> mold
  • Potential floods and water damage
  • Often not monitored
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3
Q

Advantages

A

Life protection
• Fast response Sprinklers
• designed with the concept of wetting high up on a wall and all
the surrounding furniture to help prevent the buildup of gases
and flash over (gases igniting due to high heat)
• Protection of occupants
• Protection of property
• Protection of Fire Fighters
• Conservation of water
• A fire in a residential occupancy that has a sprinkler system in it
generally uses approximately two hundred and fifty gallons of
water to control the fire. Firefighters would use approximately
three thousand gallons of water to gain control and suppress the
same fire.

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4
Q

The System

A

Sprinklers
• Smoke Detection - smoke detectors allow for early
annunciation and to give the best possible chance of
evacuating the building in time.
• Since the advent of residential sprinkler systems, the
loss of life due to fires in residential occupancies has
been cut in half.
• Sprinkler home fact sheet

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5
Q

Statistics

Water requirements

A

Due to statistics and data, there are several areas
within residential occupancies that sprinklers can be
omitted because the historical data show that the
likelihood of a fire starting in these areas is very low.
• Water
• all sprinkler system shall have at least one automatic water
source for the system
• 13R and 13D require 0.05gpm/ft²
• generally, 2 – 4 sprinklers
• 13 requires 0.1gpm/ft² - double

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6
Q

Water supply + amount necessary

A

Water Supplies 13D
• With NFPA 13D
• Egress is easy from a single- or two-story
• The structure is of no concern
• Just enough water supply to evacuate the structure is all
that is required
• Go to 13D
• The use of a multipurpose piping system for sprinkler
protection is acceptable as long as it is approved by the
local plumbing and health authority.

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7
Q

13D sprinkler systems

A

Multipurpose piping sprinkler system - serves both domestic needs and fire protections.
Network sprinkler system - a type of multipurpose. Servers domestic and fire protection but each sprinkler head has a minimum of three paths
Passive purge sprinkler system - A type of sprinkler system that servers a single toilet, in addition to the fire sprinklers
Stand-alone sprinkler system - aboveground piping that serves only fire sprinklers.

*Spare sprinklers shall not be required to be provided

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8
Q

Pipe ratings

A

Copper and steel > 175 psi

Pex and CPVC can be 130 psi if no FDC

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9
Q

Head adapter

A

Teflon tape or thread sealant. Never both

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10
Q

General provisions

A

one automatic water supply
stored water - quantity = water demand rate x 10 minutes
if dwelling unit is: one story in height and less than 2000 sqft minimum quantity = two sprinkler water demand rates x 7 minutes

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11
Q

water supply

A

elevated tank
pressure tank
stored water source
a well with a pump

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12
Q

where pump is the source for pressure - not for domestic water

A

A test connection shall be provided downstream of the pump that creates a flow of water equal to the smallest sprinkler on the system
240v normal circuit
any disconnecting means for the pump shall be approved
the pump shall not sit on the floor

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13
Q

where pump and tank is the source for water supply - not for domestic use

A

the test connection shall return water to the tank
a method for refilling the tank shall be piped to the tank
a method of determining water level in the tank
each dwelling unit needs an individual control valve

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14
Q

Multipurpose piping system

A

a warning sign, with a minimum 1/4” letters, shall be affixed adjacent to the main shutoff valve and shall state: the water system for this home supplies fire sprinklers….don’t put in water restricting devices…more

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15
Q

Manufactured home water supply

A

minimum pressure shall be specified on a data plate by the manufacturer

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16
Q

Common supply pipes

A

if common water supplies servers more than one dwelling units add 5gpm shall be added to the supply required

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17
Q

Valves

A

A single control valve to shut off both fire and domestic water supply is required unless there is a separate shutoff valve for the sprinkler system.
The sprinkler system shall not have a separate control valve installed unless supervised by of the following methods.
1. central station, proprietary, or remote station alarm service
2. local alarm service that causes an audible alarm
3. valves are locked in place.

18
Q

Alarms

A

local waterflow alarms shall be installed if there is no smoke alarms or smoke detectors

19
Q

Sprinkler spacing requirements

A

8 ft clearance in-between sprinklers
non-residential sprinklers follow NFPA 13
pendent and upright sprinklers 1-4 inches from the ceiling

20
Q

Location of sprinklers

A

not required in bathrooms of 55 sq ft or less
not required in closets 24 sq ft or less
not required in garages, open attached porches, carports and similar structures
No, where you wouldn’t expect a fire to start - attic, crawl space, etc.
the total volume of unprotected ceiling pockets do not exceed 100 sq ft

21
Q

discharge criteria

A

minimum discharge density of 0.05 GPM sq ft or the sprinkler listing

22
Q

number of design sprinklers

A

within a compartment, up to a maximum of two sprinklers(that require the greatest hydraulic demand)

23
Q

minimum pipe size

A

steel pipe minimum 1”
not steel minimum 3/4”
listed fittings + network systems minimum 1/2”

24
Q

Hydrostatic tests

A

no FDC test at normal operating pressure

If FDC test according to NFPA 13

25
Q

Residential sprinklers

A

only used in wet systems unless specifically listed for use in dry or pre-action systems

26
Q

NFPA 13R notes

A

a higher degree of safety than 13D. Not as strict as NFPA 13
soldering and brazing:
wet system - both
dry or pre-aution - brazed only
hanging requirements - NFPA 13
13D combined systems- hangers have to meet plumbing code

27
Q

13R system arrangement

A

In townhouse-style buildings, each dwelling unit should have their own control valve

pipe shall be designed to withstand 175psi metallic or not.

28
Q

13R

A

maximum floor area 52,000 sq ft

quick response + extended coverage is allowed. minimum of 0.1gpm sq ft.

29
Q

13R Outside dwelling units

A

must be quick response

residential sprinklers shall be permitted in ordinary hazards if certain conditions are met

30
Q

13R closets

A

less than 400 cubic feet - sprinkler can go anywhere

31
Q

13R shadow areas

A

not more than cumulative 15 sq ft

9 ft x 2 ft shadow areas are allowed

32
Q

13R bathrooms

A

not required in bathrooms less than 55 sq ft
not required in clothes closets, linen closets, and pantries if less than 24 sq ft, the least dimension does not exceed 3 ft

33
Q

13R sprinkler omissions

A

attached structures but open to the outside do not require sprinklers. ex. porches, balconies, carports, etc.

Roof deck requires sprinklers
interior stairwells - required(not under risers)

34
Q

13R fire department connection

A

exceed 2000 sq ft or are more than a single story

FDC must be at least 1 1/2”

35
Q

13R alarms

A

waterflow alarm shall be present

36
Q

13R water supply

A

30 minutes duration

37
Q

13R testing

A

if more than 20 sprinklers or has FDC follow NFPA 13 testing else 50 above maximum working pressure

38
Q

High rise definition

A

where the floor of highest occupiable story is greater than 75 ft(23m) above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access

39
Q

13R vs 13D

A

NFPA 13 for buildings >4 stories(13R), and larger than 1 and 2 dwellings (13D)

• 13 most demanding space, including adjacent must
be four sprinklers
• 13R – most demanding space up to 4 sprinklers
• 13D – most demanding up to 2 sprinklers

40
Q

residential sprinkler heads use the __x rule

A

4x rule

41
Q

13D residential sprinklers

A

1-4 inches down from the ceiling

sidewall - 8ft away from any obstruction protruding down

sprinkler systems installer period 2 (26 decks)

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