research [WA5, ]

Question 1

Which of the following statements is true?

• Single-case experimental designs rule out the systematic manipulation of independent variables.
• Single-case experimental designs cannot test hypotheses.
• Single-case experimental can have high internal validity.

Answer 1

• Single-case experimental can have high internal validity.

Question 2

All other things being equal, stronger experimental control in treatment outcome research supports stronger conclusions about the _____ of the treatment under investigation.

• Effectiveness
• Efficacy
• Representativeness

Answer 2

• Efficacy

Question 3

Which of the following should not be considered an analogue study?

• An experiment that uses mice as subjects to test the effect of a conditioning procedure on substance use behaviour.
• A survey among university students to test a theory for Major Depressive Disorder.
• An experiment among children with symptoms of autism to test how they respond to specific teacher instructions.

Answer 3

• An experiment among children with symptoms of autism to test how they respond to specific teacher instructions.

Question 4

Which of the following is true?

• Incidence rates must be measured with experimental designs, not cross-sectional designs.
• Generalizability is of little importance for epidemiological studies.
• Randomized clinical trials have a higher internal validity than case studies.

Answer 4

• Randomized clinical trials have a higher internal validity than case studies.

Question 5

Which is a true problem, or criticism, of meta-analyses, described in the book chapter on research?

• Meta-analyses do not address the problem of publication bias, they provide no information on unpublished studies.
• Meta-analyses can include- and give equal weight to studies of poor quality, they provide no inherent protection against sloppy science.
• Meta-analyses only focus on statistical significance, they provide no objective measure of how much or how little a treatment helps.

Answer 5

• Meta-analyses can include- and give equal weight to studies of poor quality, they provide no inherent protection against sloppy science.

Question 6

Which aspect of treatment outcome research is most threatened when the number of exclusion criteria for participants increases?

• External validity.
• Face validity.
• Internal validity.

Answer 6

• External validity.