RESEARCH Quiz 3

Question 1

Features of within-groups design

Answer 1

Having all participants exposed to same treatments

Question 2

APA stats reporting conventions

Answer 2

Test symbol (M,SD, t, p, etc)
df
statistic
p value
i.e. t(33) = 2.10, p = .03

Question 3

When to use post hoc test?

Answer 3

After ANOVA shows significance (post hoc uncovers specific differences)

Question 4

Similarities of within-groups t-test and ANOVA

Answer 4

Variables must be continuous and comparisons made between means

Question 5

Differences of within-groups t-test and ANOVA

Answer 5

t-test = comparing 2 groups
ANOVA = comparing 3+ groups

Question 6

Random assignment

Answer 6

Equal chance of being in either group

Question 7

Matching

Answer 7

Groups matched according to variable first then assigned to groups later

Question 8

Hold constant

Answer 8

Only one category of variable present in each group

Question 9

Balance

Answer 9

Equal or similar proportions of each category present in each group

Question 10

Single-blind

Answer 10

Participants do not know what group they are in or researcher does not know what group participants are in

Question 11

Double-bind

Answer 11

Neither participant nor researcher knows which group they are in

Question 12

Confound: carryover

Answer 12

Do participants improve or regress across conditions?

Question 13

Confound: history

Answer 13

Does a major event in between conditions influence performance?

Question 14

Common names of within groups design

Answer 14

Pre-test, post-test design
Repeated measures design
Paired samples t-test
Repeated measures ANOVA
Longitudinal design

Question 15

Benefits of using within groups vs between groups

Answer 15

Improved control over extraneous variables (limits confounds)