Research Questions and Study Purposes

Question 1

what is a research topic

Answer 1

narrowly focused and represents a clearly defined focal area related to an important complex problem

Question 2

identification of a research topic usually comes from what 4 things from a researcher

Answer 2

-interests
-experiences
-coursework
-academic background

Question 3

research problem represents what

Answer 3

foundational need for the study

Question 4

research problem describes what

Answer 4

-the context for the study
-issues that exist in the literature, theory, and/or practice

Question 5

what 3 things should a well developed research problem should be

Answer 5

-challenging
-worthwhile and important
-feasible (can you reasonably do it)

Question 6

research problems can have what 3 types of bases

Answer 6

-descriptive
-predictive
-explanatory

Question 7

descriptive research describes what

Answer 7

an event, phenomenon, condition etc.

Question 8

descriptive research makes not attempt to what

Answer 8

explain causes or links to other variables

Question 9

predictive research identifies what

Answer 9

relationships among variables
-measured at the same point in time
-measured ahead of other variables

Question 10

explanatory research identifies what

Answer 10

causes or explanations for why events and behaviors happen
-cause and effect

Question 11

what bases of research problems is the highest levels of scientific advancement

Answer 11

explanatory research

Question 12

explanatory research may use what

Answer 12

experimental or correlational/predictive designs with complex statistical analyses

Question 13

what bases of research problems outline the nature of the problem

Answer 13

descriptive bases

Question 14

what bases of research problems identify variables that relate to each other and possibly the direction of those relationships

Answer 14

predictive/correlational bases

Question 15

what bases of research problems may identify causes for something, why something causes or is related to something and when or under what circumstances it is related

Answer 15

explanatory bases

Question 16

what are 4 strategies for identifying a research problem from existing literature

Answer 16

-what has already been done?
-what gaps are there in the existing literature?
-are there weaknesses you could improve upon?
-how would trying to solve this problem advance the literature?

Question 17

theory in research is an explanation of what

Answer 17

observed patterns or supposition about a relationship among phenomenah

Question 18

theory in research is comprised of what

Answer 18

verifiable and testable statements or propositions

Question 19

theory in research is the product of what 3 things

Answer 19

observation, research and reflection

Question 20

what are to ways a theory can be used as

Answer 20

-framework to guide research problems and questions
-foundation for connecting other frameworks

Question 21

within quantitative approaches, what is theory oftens used for

Answer 21

to guide the entire research process

Question 22

within qualitative approaches, theory can be used in what 2 wyas

Answer 22

-inform the research problems and purpose
-as an outcome of data gathering

Question 23

what are the 2 types of reasoning within the scientific approach

Answer 23

inductive and deductive

Question 24

what is inductive reasoning

Answer 24

observations of specific events and circumstances are used to make predictions about general principles
-observation-pattern-hypothesis-theory

Question 25

what is deductive reasoning

Answer 25

start with concrete generalized info, often contained within a theory, and use this info to explain a specific event or circumstance -theory-hypothesis-observatoin-confirmation

Question 26

literature reviews concludes with a statement of what

Answer 26

the study purpose

Question 27

what is the most important statement in an entire research study

Answer 27

the purpose statement

Question 28

what 3 things should the purpose statement be

Answer 28

-clear and concise -state the intent of the study -identify variables or phenomena/concepts in the study

Question 29

a central phenomenon is the focus of what

Answer 29

qualitative studies

Question 30

what is a study phenomena

Answer 30

key focal area that the research tries to better understand, explore and describe

Question 31

what are the 6 types of variables within a quantitative study that should be considered

Answer 31

-dependent -independent -control -extraneous -moderator -mediator

Question 32

what are the 3 ways to measure dependent and independent variabels

Answer 32

-variables measured at the same time (concurrently) -independent measured at some point before dependent

Question 33

what is an extraneous variable

Answer 33

factor that could affect the relationship between the independent and dependent variable but was not measured in the study

Question 34

what is a moderator variable and give example

Answer 34

-variable of interest that cannot be manipulated how exercise level affects cholesteral levels in a CERTAIN AGE GROUP

Question 35

a moderator variable influences what

Answer 35

the strength or direction of the independent variable on the dependent variable or their relationship

Question 36

identifying the important study variables is part of what researche approaches purpose statement

Answer 36

quantitative mixed methods

Question 37

identifying the theoretical framework or model that is guiding the study is part of what researche approaches purpose statement

Answer 37

quantitative mixed methods

Question 38

identifying and describing the central phenomenon or idea is part of what researche approaches purpose statement

Answer 38

qualitative mixed methods

Question 39

identifying the research site where the study is being conducted is part of what researche approaches purpose statement

Answer 39

qualitative mixed methods

Question 40

recognizing the philosophical worldview and research appraoch is part of what researche approaches purpose statement

Answer 40

qualitative mixed methods

Question 41

what are 3 parts of writin a purpose statemetn do qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods have in common

Answer 41

-beign with words to identify the intent of the study -identifying the participants targeted fro the study -identifying the strategy of inquiry of the study

Question 42

following the research purpose statement, it is important to present what

Answer 42

research hypothesis or question

Question 43

what is a hypothesis

Answer 43

prediction that is derived from theory, literature or sepculation aobut the outcome of a study

Question 44

what is a research question

Answer 44

broad inquiry statement about the central phenomenon

Question 45

what is a null hypothesis

Answer 45

claim that the effect being studied does not exist

Question 46

what is an alternative hypothesis

Answer 46

claim that the effect being studied does show a signifcant relationsip