Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

22PSY-1AL-B2 - DP > Research Methods: Extraneous Variables & Controls > Flashcards

Research Methods: Extraneous Variables & Controls Flashcards

1
Q

An unwanted variable other than the IV that COULD effect the DV is known as…

A

An Extraneous Variable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

An extraneous variable is another variable that is not the…

A

Independent Variable that could effect the DV.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What can an extraneous variable do?

A

Effect the DV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Having an extraneous variable in a study would lower which type of validity?

A

Internal validity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

If I had low control in my research, why may the internal validity of my study be lowered?

A

Due to an extraneous variable(s)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name an example that is a situational factors of EVs

A

Task Difficulty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Situational Factors are things to do with the …

A

Environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Give 2 examples of Participant variables that are EVs

A

Age
Gender
IQ
Eyesight
Hearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

EVs to do with the environment are what type of factors?

A

Situational Factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

EVs to do with the participant e.g. age or IQ is an example of what variables?

A

Participant Variables

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Experimenter Variables are things to do with who?

A

The researcher

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Give an example of an experimenter variable (keyterm)

A

Investigator effects e.g. tone of voice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Tone of voice & investigator effects are examples of what type of extraneous variable?

A

Experimenter Variables

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When an extraneous variable is not controlled and DOES affect the DV - this is known as…

A

A confounding variable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A confounding variable is an extraneous variable that has …

A

NOT been controlled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the keyterm for participants changing natural behaviour due to clues given off by the researcher?

A

Demand Characteristics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

A demand characteristic is where the researcher gives off … and the participant …

A

Clues

Changes their natural behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What 2 H’s may a participant do to the researcher due to demand characteristics?

A

Help // Hinder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

To control demand characteristics - who would we get?

A

Another researcher who does not know the aims

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Name the 2 methods of CONTROLLING bias in research

A

Randomisation

Standardisation

21
Q

When standardising - participants will have the the …

A

SAME instructions//environment

22
Q

HOW could I conduct randomisation? Give 2 methods

A

Picking out of a hat

Random computer generator

23
Q

In a study - what 2 aspects should be randomised by picking out of a hat?

A

Order of the task (e.g. word list)

Order of conditions

24
Q

Bias & Demand characteristics are problems (extraneous variables) of experimental ..

25
Name the issue (extraneous variable) associated with independent groups design
Individual Differences
26
Name the issue (extraneous variable) associated with repeated measures design
Order Effects
27
Individual Differences is a potential extraneous variable of which experimental design?
Independent Groups Design
28
Order Effects is a potential extraneous variable of which experimental design?
Repeated Measures Design
29
Order Effects & Individual Differences both reduce which type of validity of experimental designs?
Internal Validity
30
Having different participants in different conditions causes what extraneous variable in an independent groups design?
Individual Differences
31
Participants taking part in all conditions may perform better or worse because of what extraneous variable associated with repeated measures design?
Order Effects
32
Order Effects cause participants to become what? (Name 3)
Better Bored Fatigued
33
Becoming bored, better or fatigued are what extraneous variable in a repeated measures design?
Order Effects
34
Becoming bored, better or fatigued is an extraneous variable associated with which experimental design?
Repeated Measures Design
35
Name the control used to reduce individual differences as an extraneous variable in an independent groups design
Random Allocation
36
Name the control used to reduce order effects as an extraneous variable in repeated measures design
Counterbalancing (ABBA)
37
Random Allocation is a control for what extraneous variable in what design?
Individual Differences in Independent groups design
38
Counterbalancing (ABBA) is a control for what extraneous variable in what design?
Order Effects in Repeated Measures Design
39
What is the 1st step of Random Allocation as a control for individual differences?
Write the names of ppt on equal sizes pieces of paper
40
What is the 2nd step of Random Allocation as a control for individual differences?
Put the names on paper into a hat
41
What is the 3rd step of Random Allocation as a control for individual differences?
Randomly pick out names of ppt and place half in condition 1 half in condition 2
42
When conducting random allocation, what do I put the names of ppt in once written on equal sized pieces of paper?
A hat
43
What do I write on equal sized pieces of paper when conducting random allocation?
Names of ppt
44
What is the purpose of counterbalancing?
To reduce order effects
45
How to I reduce order effects?
Counterbalancing
46
Once counterbalancing has been conducted, what happens to the order effects?
They are BALANCED OUT across conditions
47
How do I minimise order effects by balancing them out across conditions?
Counterbalancing (ABBA)
48
When a researcher uses counterbalancing, what is the order of conditions for the first half of participants and the order for the second half of participants
First half condition A to condition B Second half condition B to condition A

22PSY-1AL-B2 - DP (40 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions