Research Methods 2 (Graphs/stats)

Question 1

Descriptive Statistics:

Answer 1

Overview of the data at a glance - ex. mean, median and mode

Question 2

Histogram:

Answer 2

Type of graph used to report the # of times groups of values appear in a data set

Question 3

Frequency Distribution

Answer 3

Type of graph illustrating the distribution of how frequently value appear in the data set

• the height is the frequency of the # in an underlying data set

Question 4

Normal Distribution:

Answer 4

A distribution which a characteristic smooth, symmetrical, bell-shaped curve containing a single peak

Question 5

Mean:

Answer 5

The average value of a data set

Question 6

What are the Measures of Central Tendency and what do they tell us

Answer 6

Mean/ Median/Mode

- Tell us about the centre of typical value and not about the values around it

Question 7

What can be influence by outliers

Answer 7

The Mean

Question 8

What is an outlier?

Answer 8

extreme points, distant from others in a data set

Question 9

How do you get the mean

Answer 9

adding all the #’s in the data set and and dividing by how many #’s in - the se

Question 10

Mode:

Answer 10

he value that appears more frequently in the set of #’s

Question 11

What can be used for non numerical sets

Answer 11

The Mode

Question 12

Median

Answer 12

the centre value in a data set when the set is arranged numerically
- tells us where the middle of our data set is

Question 13

Standard Deviation

Answer 13

average distance of each data point from the mean

Question 14

Data sets with a larger deviation on a graph are…

Answer 14

more spread out

Question 15

Data sets with a smaller deviation on a graph

Answer 15

less spread out

Question 16

Inferential Statistics:

Answer 16

Statistics that allow us to use results from samples to make inferences about overall, underlying populations

Question 17

what is a T-Test

Answer 17

A statistical test that considered each data point from both groups to calculate the probability that 2 samples were drawn from the same population

Question 18

What is a P-Value

Answer 18

a value expressing the probability calculated by the T-Test

Question 19

A T-test calculates

Answer 19

The P-Value e

Question 20

What will the p-value be if it is statistically significant ?

Answer 20

the P-Value is less than 0.05

Question 21

Statistical Significance

Answer 21

When the difference between 2 groups is due to some true difference between the properties of the 2 groups and not simply due to random variation

Question 22

Correlation:

Answer 22

a measure of the strength of the relationship between 2 variables

Question 23

What does +1 mean?

Answer 23

perfectly positively correlated; as one variable increases so does the other

Question 24

What does -1 mean?

Answer 24

perfectly negatively correlated; one variable increases, the other decreases

Question 25

What does it mean when the correlation coefficient approaches 0

Answer 25

the relationship between 2 variables, gets weaker,

• (no relationship between variables)

Question 26

the closer the coefficient gets to -1 or +1

Answer 26

he stronger the relationship between the 2 variables