research methods Flashcards
methods of translation
1)simple method
2)back translation
3)consensus method
simple method
if bilingual collaborator available, they can decide whether translated materials are appropriate
Most biased method bc only 1 person (more translators=less biased)
back-translation:
Translator 1 translates materials from original language to target language
Translator 2 translates materials back to original language
Original and back translated materials are compared and discrepancies are resolved
Consensus method
multiple bilingual speakers arrive at consensus
“Factors” of a questionairre
different underlying facets that all relate to one central construct
examples of factors
Acculturation has 2 factors: one on mainstream adaptation and heritage maintenance
Sensation seeking has 4 factors: thrill and adventure seeking, experience seeking, disinhibition, boredom susceptibility
Structural equivalence
Structure underlying psychological construct is comparable across culture
Factor analysis
statistical analysis that determine how many factors can be separated in data
fit index
There are one, two, and three factor solutions
Analysis generates a “fit index” to determine which solution fits the best data
What if you don’t have Evidence of structural/construct equivalence?
Identify and keep questions that appear to be understood in similar ways across cultural environments
Identify and eliminate questions that appear to seem to be understood differently cross-culturally
Researchers also need to watch for methodological equivalence
Ensure methods are understood in identical ways across cultures
Some culture may not understand process of completing psychological surveys
Researchers may need to use slightly different methods with different cultures (especially drastically different ones)
Experimental design:
Researcher manipulates the study conditions that participants will be placed in
Each condition is a randomly assigned “group”
Researcher has complete control over the IV, can determine cause/effect
Correlational design
Researcher has No control over any variables (usually continuous), only look at relationships
Researcher measure all variables they’re interested in
No “groups”
Quasi-experimental (group based data)
Researcher measures DV as a function of groups
Groups are naturally-occuring, no random assignment
Researcher has no control over groups, can only look at relationships
2 groups are usually
correlation and quasi experiemntal
