Research Issues

Question 1

Define extraneous variables.
How do they vary with the IV?

Answer 1

Additional variables that could interfere with the DV or IV.
Do not systematically vary with the IV.

Question 2

Define confounding variables.
How do they vary with the IV?

Answer 2

Change systematically with the IV.
This means we cant tell whether the effect on the DV is a result of the IV or CV. A type of EV.

Question 3

What are demand characteristics?

Answer 3

PPTs try to work out what is going on in a study and change their natural behaviour as a result.

Question 4

What is the please u affect?

Answer 4

PPTs act in a way that they think will help the experimenter get the desired results.

Question 5

What is the screw u effect?

Answer 5

PPTs deliberately try to sabotage the results of the experiment.

Question 6

Define investigator effects.
Give examples.

Answer 6

Any effect caused by the investigator that could influence the outcome of the study.
Eg; experiment type/design, leading questions etc

Question 7

What is randomisation?

Answer 7

The use of chance methods to control the effects of bias when allocating experimental conditions to PPTs and designing experiments.

Question 8

What is standardisation?

Answer 8

Using the exact same formalised procedures and instructions for all PPTs.