Research evidence on STM + LTM Flashcards
Who did research on duration?
Peterson & Peterson (STM)
Bahrick (LTM)
who did research on coding?
Baddeley (STM/LTM)
who did research on capacity?
Jacobs (STM)
Miller (STM)
peterson & peterson method
24 undergrads - 8 trials
given consonant syllable + 3 digit number to remember
count backwards from 3 digit (prevent mental rehearsal)
peterson & peterson findings
STM has short duration unless verbal rehearsal
Bahrick method
around 400 ppt - Ohio
using yearbook, recall tested in diff ways:
- photo recognition
- free recall (names)
Bahrick findings
15 after grad = higher accuracy
48 = lower accuracy
Baddeley method
gave different list of words to 4 groups of ppt
had to recall in order
Baddeley - group & types of lists
1) acoustically similar
2) acoustically dissimilar
3) semantically similar
4) semantically dissimilar
Baddeley STM findings
words were coded acoustically
recall worse w/ acoustically similar
Baddeley LTM findings
words were coded semantically
recall worse w/ semantically similar
Jacobs method
measured digit span
researcher gives 4 digits
recall in order
if correct, calls out 5
going up until cannot recall correctly
jacobs findings
mean span for digits - 9.3
mean span for letters - 7.3
miller method
based on observations of everyday practise
things come in 7’s
miller’s suggestion
suggested span of STM is around 7 items (plus or minus 2)
