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Psychology - Memory > Eye Witness Testimony - Anxiety > Flashcards

Eye Witness Testimony - Anxiety Flashcards

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1
Q

define anxiety

A

a state of physical + emotional arousal

characterised by worried thoughts + feeling of tension

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2
Q

what are some physical changes w/ anxiety?

A

increased heart rate

sweating

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3
Q

when does anxiety occur?

A

times of stress

naturally

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4
Q

what does anxiety affect?

A

accuracy of EWT

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5
Q

What study shows that anxiety has a positive effect on recall?

A

Yuille and Cutshall

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6
Q

What study shows that anxiety has a negative effect on recall?

A

Johnson + Scott

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7
Q

What did Yuille and Cutshall conduct?

A

A study of real life shooting in Vancouver

shot owner shot thief

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8
Q

who has Yuille and Cutshall sample?

A

21 witnesses

13 agreed to take part in the study

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9
Q

Yuille and Cutshall - procedure

A

interviews 4-5 months after shooting

was compared to original police interviews (done at the time of shooting)

ppt rated their stress levels (7-point scale)

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10
Q

how was the accuracy in Yuille and Cutshall determined?

A

by the number of details recorded

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11
Q

Yuille and Cutshall - findings

A

little change in amount of accuracy after 5 months

showed high anxiety = better recall

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12
Q

what did Johnson + Scott do?

A

got participants to to a lab study

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13
Q

Johnson + Scott - procedure

A

ppt sat in waiting room, heard argument next door

low + high anxiety condition

ppt given 50 photos - identified the man

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14
Q

what was Johnson + Scott low anxiety condition?

A

man walking out carrying a pen w/ grease on hands

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15
Q

what was Johnson + Scott high anxiety condition?

A

heard glass breaking

man walked out w/ paper knife + blood on hands

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16
Q

Johnson + Scott - findings

A

low anxiety condition - 49% identified the man

high anxiety condition - 33%

Shows the tunnel theory

17
Q

define tunnel theory

A

witnesses attention focuses on source of anxiety - weapon

18
Q

What is Yerkes- Dodsons Law?

A

performance increases with stress, but to a certain point.

After that point, it drastically decreases

19
Q

How does Yerkes-Dodsons law link to EWT?

A

recall becomes more accurate as the levels of anxiety increases, until the optimal anxiety level

passing the optimal anxiety level, recall accuracy drastically declines

Psychology - Memory (17 decks)

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