Research Flashcards
In an experiment, what is the independent variable?
A factor that is manipulated or that we theorize may have an effect on something else.
In an experiment, what is the dependent variable?
The factor that is measured, resulting from manipulation of the independent variable.
What is the importance of an “operational definition” with regards to an experiment?
States how the research defines a potentially vague term for the purposes of quantifying results.
What is the difference between an experimental group and a control group with regards to research?
The control group is not exposed to the independent variable of the experiment, while the experimental group is. (ind. var. could be medication, psychological, etc)
What is a confounding variable with regards to research?
An undesirable variable that may influence the relationship between independent and dependent variables that the researcher is interested in studying.
What does the term “correlational research” mean in terms of an experiment or study?
It describes the strength (+ve or -ve) of the relationship between two variables but the researcher does not influence either variable.
What does the term “longitudinal study” mean in terms of research?
An experiment that follows its subjects over a long time period, sometimes years.
What is a cross-sectional study? What advantage can it have over a longitudinal study?
Examines the relationship between variables of interest at a single point in time. Can be easier/faster than following subjects over years. (Ex: language development in children of all ages vs. one group over 15 years)
What is a potential flaw with using a cross-sectional study as opposed to a longitudinal study?
The range of subjects analyzed may have varied backgrounds/experiences prior to the study that we would categorize as confounding variables. (Ex: pandemic babies probably gonna be pretty different than babies used to be)
