Required Content (Period 2) Flashcards
Spanish Expansion
Spanish expansion into California and present day western USA
Enslaved Africans
people brought to the Americas via Colombian Exchange these people were forced to be laborers without pay (slaves)
Free Africans
People from Africa that weren’t forced to work without pay.
Atlantic Slave Trade
A large triangular trading system between English mainland colonies, the West Indie, and the African shore. Molasses is traded from the Indies up to the colonies where it is distilled into rum. The rum is traded to Africa in exchange for slaves who are traded in the indies for more molasses.
French Expansion
Quebec founded in 1608 also French expansion into present-day Canada, West of the Mississippi, Great Lakes Area
Dutch Expansion
colonized all of New Jersey, parts of Delaware, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New York, and Connecticut
British/European Migrants
Migrants that moved to the New World because of either religious freedom reasons or because of wanting to start a new life
Chesepeake
The region of Virginia and Maryland. In contrast to New England, this region was distinguished by indentured servants, cash crops, and African slavery.
North Carolina
Charles II granted this land to pay off a debt to some supporters. They instituted headrights and a representative government to attract colonists. The poorer northern region was composed mainly of farmers and this lead to a split which created
New England Colonies
Colonized in the late 17th century by Great Britain
Puritans
believed the Anglican Church retained too many Catholic ideas and sought to purify the Church of England; they believed in predestination (man saved or damned at birth) and also held that God was watchful and granted salvation only to those who adhered to His goodness as interpreted by the church. They were strong in New England and very intolerant of other religious groups.
Middle Colonies
New York New Jersey and Pennsylvania. had fertile soil moderate winters warm summers and a good growing season and economy was based on farming mining, craft jobs, cash crops, grain, manufacturing, and trade
South Atlantic Colonies
Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, and Washington, D.C.. cash crops based
British West Indies
colonies in the Caribbean that supplied sugar cane and molasses
Metacom’s War/ King Philip’s War
A series of battles in New Hampshire between the colonists and the Wampanoags, led by Metacom, a chief also known as King Philip. The war was started when the Massachusetts government tried to assert court jurisdiction over the local Indians. The colonists won with the help of the Mohawks, and this victory opened up additional Indian lands for expansion.
Pueblo Revolt
A rebellion of Native Americans in Northwestern province of Spanish America, caused by Spanish attempt to eliminate all Kachina (dolls that represented guardian spirits) worship. The Native American victory allowed the Hopi to continue to practice their own religion along with Christianity and led to reforms in Spanish policies towards Native Americans. Headright system Parcels of land consisting of about 50 acres which were given to colonists who brought indentured servants into America. They were used by the Virginia Company to attract more colonists.
Southwest
Present-day California, Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas
First Great Awakening
was a time of religious fervor during the 1730s and 1740s. The movement arose in reaction to the rise of skepticism and the waning of religious faith brought about by the Enlightenment. Protestant ministers held revivals throughout the English colonies in America, stressing the need for individuals to repent and urging a personal understanding of truth.
European Enlightenment
John Locke who inspired Europeans and Americans alike to think of God as the creator but leaves the laws and development of the world to humans
Anglicization
A process in which Americans began to think of themselves as less American and acted more and more English. The wealthy Americans sent their sons off to be educated in Britain, proper British etiquette and behavior were employed and the latest fashions from London and other luxuries were imported. Even homes were modeled on British townhouses and country estates.
Trans-Atlantic Print
the spread of ideas, and goods via trade and newspapers, magazines, and other printed materials
Protestant Evangelicalism
George Whitefield, from England, and others traveled across the colonies to spread a revival of Protestantism
Mercantilism
a system of political economy based on government regulation. Beginning in 1650, Britain enacted Navigation Acts that controlled colonial commerce and manufacturing for the enrichment of Britain
