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APUSH > African Americans and APUSH > Flashcards

African Americans and APUSH Flashcards

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AP® U.S. History flashcards
1
Q

1619

A

First African Americans brought to America as slaves

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2
Q

1787

A

Northwest Ordinance prohibits slavery in the Northwest territories

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3
Q

1793

A

Fugitive Slave Law created which had escaped slaves returned to their owners

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4
Q

1794

A

African Methodist Episcopal (AME) church formed

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5
Q

1808

A

Congress bans importation of slaves

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6
Q

Missouri Compromise

A

Missouri admitted as slave state but it was prohibited above the 36 (little o) line in the rest of the territories.

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7
Q

Freedom’s Journal (1827)

A

First African American newspaper

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8
Q

Nat Turner’s Rebellion (August 22, 1831)

A

violent uprising which resulted in the deaths of white people, whites killed slaves at random retaliation.

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9
Q

Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave, Written by
Himself(1845)-

A

Portrays African American attitudes

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10
Q

Wilmot Proviso

A

Attempts to end slavery in the newly acquired territory from Mexico

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11
Q

Uncle Tom’s Cabin (1852)

A

Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe, exposed the evils of slavery

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12
Q

The Impending Crisis(1857)-

A

written by Hinton R. Helper; denounced slave system

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13
Q

John Brown’s Raid on Harper’s Ferry (1859)

A

John Brown tries to start a slave rebellion in Virginia

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14
Q

1863

A

First AA soldiers join Union Army, Massachusetts 54th

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15
Q

Dred Scott Case (1857)

A

people of African decent could not be citizens and the

government could not prohibit slavery in federal territories

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16
Q

Emancipation Proclamation (1863)

A

declaration made by Abraham Lincoln which

“freed’ all slaves in states that were rebelling

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17
Q

1865

A

Thirteenth Amendment Ratified, abolishing slavery

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18
Q

Freedmen’s Bureau (1865)

A

aided former slaves through education, medical care , and employment

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19
Q

First Reconstruction Act (1867)-

A

guaranteed freedmen the right to vote in elections

for state constitutional elections and subsequent elections

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20
Q

1868

A

Fourteenth Amendment ratified, giving citizenship to African Americans

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21
Q

1870

A

Fifteenth Amendment Ratified (Approved in 1869) making voter discrimination
illegal

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22
Q

Civil Rights Act of 1875-

A

guaranteed African Americans equal accommodations in

public places

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23
Q

Black Codes

A

Southern Governments imposed restriction on freedmen, essentially
reestablishing slavery

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24
Q

Fredrick Douglas-

A

African American activist/abolitionist

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25
Q

Underground Railroad-

A

slave escape route

26
Q

Ku Klux Klan

A

racist group that tortured and killed many African Americans

27
Q

Harriet Tubman

A

helped hundreds of slaves reach freedom in North

28
Q

Benjamin Banneker

A

African American surveyor, astronomer, and mathematical
genius who denounced the belief that African Americans were intellectual inferior to
white people

29
Q

Sharecropping

A

landowner allows tenant to use land in return for a share in the crop many free African Americans went into debt because of this system of farming

30
Q

Jim Crow Laws

A

Segregation laws that were mostly present in the South

31
Q

Plessy v Ferguson

A

upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation “separate, but
equal”

32
Q

Disfranchisement

A

-politicians attempted to impose restriction to deprive blacks of their
voting rights

33
Q

Booker T. Washington

A

Established Tuskegee Institute which taught African
Americans how to do certain jobs. He believed blacks would rise up in society by
entering the labor force and earning money.

34
Q

W.E.B. Du Bois

A

Believed all African Americans should get all their rights immediately
by allowing the “talented tenth” or the most intelligent blacks to advance the race by
using their skill to reach racial equality

35
Q

Red Summer(1919)

A

Race riots spread across over 24 cities and towns

36
Q

African American Migration-1.5

A

Migration-1.5 million blacks moved city ward in the 20’s lured by
industrial jobs, many whites wouldn’t allow blacks to rent or buy property in white
neighborhoods

37
Q

1920’s Jazz

A

evolved from AA folk music

38
Q

Harlem Renaissance

A

Black Cculture becoming popular: music, literature

39
Q

Scottsboro Boys

A

Southern racism convicted 8 African American boys on rape even
though evidence showed otherwise

40
Q

WPA

A

provided 1/3 of African Americans with jobs so they supported the New Deal
and FDR

41
Q

1936 Olympic Games

A

18 African Americans won fourteen medals, Jess Owens had 4 himself embarrassing Hitler

42
Q

WWII

A

Still discriminated against, assigned worse jobs then whites, once they fought on the front lines and did well they were respected and created equal to whites, still segregated units

43
Q

Jackie Robinson

A

Broke the color barrier in Major League Baseball

44
Q

Desegregation of army

A

1948 by Truman

45
Q

Freedom Summer

A

Summer-Created a racially integrated grassroots political party (the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party) in an effort to get more blacks to vote in the electoral vote

46
Q

Black Power

A

Power- WhatStokely Carmichael’s followers began chanting, after Carmichael said that in order to be free from white oppression, blacks had to elect black candidates, organize their own schools, and control their own institutions.

47
Q

1968 Olympics

A

Tommie Smith and John Carlos demonstrated black power by

thrusting up clenched fists

48
Q

NAACP

A

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People was established to end racial discrimination and obtain voting rights through the courts.

49
Q

Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)

A

civil rights group organized by MLK

50
Q

Montgomery Bus Boycott

A

Rosa Parks arrested when she refused to give up her seat to a white man on a public bus in Alabama, led to black woman’s organizations and civil rights groups to organize against the city’s bus system

51
Q

Brown v Board of Education

A

desegregated schools and debunked Plessy v Ferguson decision

52
Q

Little Rock NIne

A

African American students trying to get into a Little Rock school essentially desegregating it. They were blocked from entering until the Nation Guard intervened.

53
Q

Freedom Rides

A

Rides-members of a nonviolent civil rights organization purchased bus tickets in Washington D.C. through the South to show that Jim Crow still ruled the South despite Supreme Court rulings to desegregate buses

54
Q

March on Washington

A

250,000 citizens to show support JFK’s civil rights bill in 1963, “I have a dream”

55
Q

Assassination of MLK

A

1968 in Memphis Tennesse by James Earl Ray

56
Q

Civil Rights Act of 1964

A

Ending legal discrimination on the basis of race; creates equal opportunity commission

57
Q

Malcom X

A

believed that whites were sub-human devils, encouraged blacks to start their own institutions and use violence against their white oppressors

58
Q

Black Panthers

A

black separatism/revolutionary communism dedicated to destroying capitalism and the police

59
Q

Slavery

A

Slaverywas very oppressive and African Americans in slavery were treated horribly by their white owners. Unfortunately, this treatment was necessary to establish power for whites over the slaves thus having cheap labor to produce agricultural goods. Slave codes were established to help regulate the relationship between slaves and their owners denouncing a slave as property.

60
Q

Reconstruction

A

Reconstructionwas very unsuccessful. While the states were forced to pass the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth amendments, discrimination stilloccurred which kept many African Americans low in society. Many blacks were unable to vote because of policy’s such as the grandfather clause. The most successful part was the creation of the Freedmen’s Bureau which greatly improved education for African Americans.

61
Q

The Civil Rights Movement

A

Movementof the 1960’s was partly successful. JFK believed in the cause but didn’t do much because he didn’t want to lose support of the South. Johnson tried to do more. The most important legislation was the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (see above). Other aspects of the movement included Black Power, Freedom Rides, and the Montgomery BusBoycott.

APUSH (9 decks)

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