Reproductive Tracts Flashcards
Organs common to male and female reproductive tracts
Gonads
Ducts
Accessory glands
Copulatory glands
Muscle outside of the vaginal tunic; contracts for protection and warmth; pulls on the inside of the tunic
Cremaster
The scrotum is derived from skin and gets blood and nerve supply from
Cutaneous sources
Walls of the scrotum
Thin skin
Tunica dartos (smooth muscle and connective tissue)
External spermatic fascia
Attaches the testis to the dorsal abdominal wall
Mesorchium
Attaches the testis to the mesonephric duct
Gubernaculum
A steering ligament that becomes the tail of the epididymis
Gubernaculum
Species that are “late descenders” and commonly suffer from cryptorchidism
Horses and boars
The cavity of the vaginal tunic is continuous with the
Peritoneal cavity
The proximal portion of the Gubernaculum becomes the
Proper ligament of the testis
The distal portion of the Gubernaculum becomes the
Ligament of the tail of the epididymis
The internal evagination of the the peritoneum contained in the evagination of the abdominal wall
Vaginal process
Forms as a result of the evagination of the abdominal wall containing the vaginal process
Cavity of the vaginal tunic
Layers of the vaginal tunic
Tunica vaginalis, parietal layer
Tunica vaginalis, visceral layer
Spermatic cord, testis, epididymis
Converge to form the spermatic cord
Mesorchium
Mesoductus deferens
Contents of the Mesorchium
Testicular artery
Pampiniform plexus
Testicular nerves
Lympahtics
Contents of the mesoductus deferens
Ductus deferens
Blood and nerve supply (from pelvic cavity)
Formed by the gap between the abdominal obliques
Deep inguinal ring
Structures surrounding the testes
Tunica vaginalis
Spermatic fascia
Cremaster muscle
Wall of the scrotum
Seminal vesicle is only in
Stallion
A paired accessory gland that lies dorsolateral to the neck of the bladder, wholly or partly within the genital fold
Vesicular gland
Accessory gland associated with the pelvic urethra
Prostate gland
Accessory gland on the dorsal surface of the pelvic urethra
Bulbourethral gland
2 parts of the urethra
Pelvic and penile
What goes through the inguinal canal but not the vaginal tunic?
Testicular artery
Nerve that travels with the cremaster muscle
Genitofemoral
Surrounds the crura of the penis
Ischiocavernosus
Components of the root of the penis
2 crura
Bulb
3 parts of the penis
Root
Body
Glans
Internal erectile bodies of the penis
Corpus spongiosum
Corpus cavernosum
Where does the penis lie in the flaccid state?
Preputial cavity
Species where prostate is firm and located with a distal isthmus
Stallion
Species with hollow, pair shaped vesicular glands, also known as seminal vesicles
Stallion
Species where bulbous ethereal glands are thinly covered by skeletal muscle
Stallion
Species with a musculocavernous penis that has:
Corpora filled with trabeculae containing smooth muscle
Extensive bulbospongiosus
Glans with a long dorsal process
Stallion
3 major arteries supplying blood to the genitalia of the stallion
External pudendal
Internal pudendal
Obturator
The length of the bull penis depends on
The straightening of the sigmoid flexure
Species that has a long and pendulous scrotum that may reach the level of the hock. The scrotum has rudimentary teats on the cranial surface
Bull
Species with a dorsal urethral recess (diverticulum) located caudal to the is hail arch
Bull
The significance of the dorsal urethral recess in the bull
It makes it difficult to catheterize
Species with a fibroelastic penis with:
a sigmoid flexure,
A twisted free part of the penis associated with the apical ligament
Poorly developed glans with a prominent urethral process
Bull
Significance of the fornix of the vagina
Provides access to the peritoneal cavity without having to go through the linea Alba
Border of the ovary that is not covered with visceral peritoneum
Mesovarium
The ovum ruptures through the outer ___ and peritoneum into the ___, a peritoneal pocket formed in part by the ___
Tunica albuginea
Ovarian bursa
Mesosalpinx
Connects the uterine horn to the ovary and forms part of the ovarian bursa
Proper ligament of the ovary
The expanded end of the uterine tube that opens into the ovarian bursa
Infundibulum
Suspends the uterine tubes
Mesosalpinx
Parts of the uterus
Cervix, body, and 2 uterine horns
Layers of the uterus
Endometrium
Myometrium
Perimetrium
Folds in the vagina
Rugae
Part of the vagina surrounded by the labia
Site of the major vestibular gland emptying on the lateral sides and the external urethral orifice on the ventral floor
Vestibule
Formed by the labioscrotal swellings and exhibits dorsal and ventral commissures across the midline
Labia
Female homologue of the penis
Clitoris
Location of the clitoris
Ventral commissure of the labia
Surrounds the clitoris
Prepuce
Location of ovaries in the mare
Abdominal cavity
Location of ovaries in the heifer
Pelvic cavity
Where does ovulation occur in the mare?
Ovulation fossa
Species with a shallow ovarian bursa, due in part to a small mesosalpinx
Mare
Species with short uterine horns and long uterine body
Mare
Species with a firm cervix with longitudinal folds of endometrium that forms a distinct vaginal fornix
Mare
Species with large vestibular bulbs
Mare
Species with mushroom shaped endometrium forming uterine caruncles and a long cervix with transverse folds
Cow
Connects the caudal ends of the uterine horns in the cow
Intercornual ligament
What happens to a cow’s ovaries after they calve?
The move into the abdominal cavity and stay there
What in the vestibule makes urinary catheterization in the cow difficult?
Suburethral diverticulum