reproductive tract anatomy

Question 1

Where in the testes does spermatogenesis occur?

Answer 1

The seminferous tubules

Question 2

What hormones are produced by the testes, and where?

Answer 2

Testosterone made in Leydig Cells, Inhibin made in Sertoli cells

Question 3

What is the function of the cremaster muscle?

Answer 3

Draw the testes upwards for temheprature regulation

Question 4

What is the function of the dartos muscle?

Answer 4

Wrinkles the skin of the scrotum for temperature regulation.

Question 5

Where is sperm stored after it is made, in anticipation of ejaculation?

Answer 5

The ampulla of the ductus deferens

Question 6

What artery supplies the penis?

Answer 6

The internal pudendal artery (branch of the internal iliac artery)

Question 7

What are the accessory organs of the male reproductive tract?

Answer 7

Seminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbo-urethral glands

Question 8

What structure do the testes follow as they descend?

Answer 8

The gubernaculum, which goes through the inguinal canal

Question 9

What are the 2 layers of testicular covering (tunica)?

Answer 9

(Superficial to deep): Tunica vaginalis, tunica albuginea

Question 10

What is the function of the epididymis?

Answer 10

Site of sperm maturation

Question 11

What nerve supplies the cremaster muscle?

Answer 11

Genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve (L1/L2)

Question 12

What is the cremaster reflex?

Answer 12

Cremaster muscle contracts on stroking of the medial side of the thigh, causing the testis to ascend

Question 13

Which muscle is part of the spermatic cord?

Answer 13

Cremaster muscle

Question 14

What are the contents of the spermatic cord?

Answer 14

Ductus deferens, testicular artery, pampiniform vein plexus, genital branch of genitofermoral nerve, sympathetic nerves, processus vaginalis

Question 15

Which parts of the penis do deep arteries run in?

Answer 15

The corpora cavernosa

Question 16

Which parts of the penis does the urethra run in?

Answer 16

Corpus spongiosum

Question 17

Where in the female reproductive system does fertilisation typically occur?

Answer 17

Ampulla of the fallopian tube

Question 18

Which hormones does the ovary produce?

Answer 18

Oestrogen, progesterone

Question 19

Which ligaments connect to the ovary to lateral wall?

Answer 19

Suspensory ligaments

Question 20

What structures are found in the suspensory ligament?

Answer 20

Ovarian artery & vein

Question 21

What are the 3 layers of the uterine wall?

Answer 21

Endometrium, myometrium, perimetrium

Question 22

What are the erectile tissues of the penis?

Answer 22

two corpus cavernosa, one corpus spongiosum

Question 23

Is erection a parasympathetic or sympathetic response?

Answer 23

Parasympathetic

Question 24

Is ejaculation a parasympathetic or sympathetic response?

Answer 24

Sympathetic

Question 25

What is the process of erection?

Answer 25

Deep penile arteries in the cavernosa dilate, filling the penis with blood

Question 26

What is the process of ejaculation?

Answer 26

Semen is emitted from the accessory glands into the urethra and ejected by strong spasmodic contractions

Question 27

How does blood fill the penis during erection?

Answer 27

The deep penile arteries enter the corpora cavernosa and penetrate the lacunae within. When the arteries dilate, the lacunae fill with blood resulting in an erect penis

Question 28

Where does parasympathetic innervation of the penis arise?

Answer 28

Pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4)

Question 29

Where does sympathetic innervation of the penis arise?

Answer 29

Sympathetic chains (T12-L2)