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The Human Body In Health & Illness > Reproductive System Practice Test > Flashcards

Reproductive System Practice Test Flashcards

1
Q

What are the primary sex organs for a male? A female?

A

Male: testes

Female: ovaries

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2
Q

Male external genitalia consist of?

A

Scrotum and penis

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3
Q

Describe cryptorchidism

A

State of hidden testis/testes

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4
Q

Why does the scrotum hang loosely and lower than the rest of the body?

A

To keep the testes below body temperature

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5
Q

Where do sperm originate?

A

Seminiferous tubules

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6
Q

How many chromosomes are found in a mature sperm cell?

A

23

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7
Q

What is another name for sperm cell?

A

gamete

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8
Q

Where do sperm mature?

A

Epididymis

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9
Q

What does the sperm maturation process consist of?

A

Learning to swim by peristalsis

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10
Q

Name the three parts to the mature sperm

A

1-Head
2-body/midpiece
3-tail

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11
Q

Is sperm alkaline or acidic?

A

Alkaline

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12
Q

How does the Semens pH aid when coming into contact with the vagina?

A

It neutralizes the acidness environment of the vagina

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13
Q

Which structure is cut cauterized during a vasectomy?

A

Vas Deferens

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14
Q

What happens to sperm after a vasectomy?

A

They stay in the testes and are reabsorbed by the body

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15
Q

Which two structures join to form the ejaculatory duct?

A

Vas Deferens and seminal vessels

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16
Q

Which portion of the male duct system serves another body system?

A

Urethra

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17
Q

Which body system does the urethra serve?

A

Both urinary and reproductive systems

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18
Q

What are the roles of the urethra both body systems?

A

Urinary: to conduct urine out of the body

Reproductive: to conduct semen and sperm out of the body

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19
Q

How is it that ejaculation and urination do not occur at the same time?

A

The bladder sphincter contracts during ejaculation

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20
Q

Name the three accessory glands that contribute to the composition of semen.

A

1-paired seminal vessels
2-prostate gland
3-bulbourethral gland

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21
Q

Why is the DRE so important for men over 40?

A

To detect prostatitis or BPH

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22
Q

What is the number one reason for male urology visits?

A

Prostatitis

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23
Q

What occurs during BPH?

A

The prostate strangles the urethra causing dysuria and possibly UTIs

24
Q

What is the name of the procedure that removes the prepuce?

A

Circumcision

25
Q

Name the three parts to the penis?

A

1-shaft
2-glans penis
3-prepuce

26
Q

What is the process called that propels sperm from the seminiferous tubules to the epididymis?

A

Peristalsis

27
Q

What is it called when men can no longer achieve an erection?

A

Erectile dysfunction ED

28
Q

What is it that makes erectile tissue erect?

A

Blood and soft tissue

29
Q

Define ejaculation

A

The expulsion of semen and sperm to the out side

30
Q

Where is testosterone produced?

A

Interstitial cells surrounding the seminiferous tubules

31
Q

Types of secondary male sex characteristics

A 
1-deepening of the voice
2-increase of hair growth all over
3-thickenikng of the skin more sweating
4-heavier muscle mass
5-thickening of the bones
32
Q

Describe the difference between ova and sperm?

A

Sperm are smaller, fragile and have scanty nutrients.

33
Q

What are the four functions of the female reproductive system?

A

1-produce ova
2-produce estrogen and progesterone
3-Nurture and protect developing fetus
4-receive semen and sperm into reproductive tract

34
Q

When does a female receive her a lifetime supply of ovarian follicles/eggs?

A

During fetal development

35
Q

At what time in the females life to her eggs reach maturity? How often and for how long?

A

About 400 eggs mature; one per month from puberty to menopause; about 40 to 45 years

36
Q

What happens to the egg if it is not fertilized?

A

It dies and goes out with the menses

37
Q

What causes ovarian cyst’s? How are they usually resolved?

A

If corpus luteum becomes fluid filled or blood filled

Usually resolves on their own

38
Q

What are the female hormones?

A

Estrogen and progesterone

39
Q

What is the female hormone that controls:

  • pubic and auxiliary hair
  • breast development
  • inlargemeant of internal reproductive organs
  • widening of pelvis
  • stops growth spurt
  • deposit fat in2 hips and breasts
  • monarche
A

Estrogen

40
Q

What is the female hormone that controls:

  • Maintains pregnancy
  • prepares breast for milk production
  • establishes menstrual cycle
A

Progesterone

41
Q

What is another name for the fallopian tube’s?

A

Uterine tubes

Oviducts

42
Q

Define ectopic pregnancy. Give to possible causes.

A

Implantation outside of the uterus

1-STI’s
2-tubal ligation

43
Q

Why does a pregnant woman feel the urge to urinate so often?

A

Pressure from the fetus in the uterus is on the bladder

44
Q

What are the three major parts of the uterus?

A

1-fundus
2-body
3-cervix

45
Q

How can STI’s cause infertility in women?

A

Scarring or blockage of/in tubes

46
Q

What are the three layers of the uterine wall from the inner most to outer most layer? Which layer is shed each month as menses?

A

1-endometrium ***
2-myometrium
3-epimetrium

47
Q

What are the roles of the vagina?

A

Serves as a canal for:

  • birth
  • menses
  • semen and sperm
48
Q

Name five regions of female external genitalia

A 
1-mons pubis
2 labia majora 
3-labia minora
4-Metus
5-vestibule
6-clitoris
7-obstetric perinum
49
Q

Name the gonadotropins. What are their purpose.

A

FSH, LH and testosterone

50
Q

Explains what happens to estrogen and progesterone at ovulation

A

Progesterone goes up while estrogen that goes down

51
Q

Name the three phases of the uterine or menstrual cycle.

A

1-menstrual phase
2-proliferative phase
3-secretory phase

52
Q

What is the hormone produced to detect pregnancy?

A

hCG: Human Chorionic Gonadotropin

53
Q

If a woman wants to become pregnant, how soon after ovulation must she have sex in order to maximize her chances of conception? What is it based upon?

A

12 to 24 hours and is based on the lifespan of the egg/ova

54
Q

What is the earliest before ovulation a woman can have sex and possibly become pregnant? What is it based upon?

A

2 to 3 days and is based on the lifespan of the sperm

55
Q

Give the clinical definition of menopause? What are three symptoms?

A

The sensation of ovulation and menses that occurs after a whole year has passed without menstruation

  • night sweats
  • insomnia
  • hot flashes
56
Q

Define birth control. Choose three different methods and describe how they work. Be sure to mention any downsides of each method.

A

To prevent the union of egg and sperm

Abstinence-most effective but least fun
Barrier method: Mechanical-condoms, diaphragm
Chemicals-foams, jellies
IUD’s: prevents implantation instead of conception

The Human Body In Health & Illness (4 decks)

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