Reproductive system disorders Flashcards
cryptorchidism
failure of one or both testes to descend into the scrotum
Epididymo-orchitis
inflammation of the epididymis and the testes
hydrocele
fluid-filled sac around the testes that causes swelling in the scrotum
common in new born leaves by 1st yr of life
varicocele
enlargement of the veins of the scrotum
CIS tumors of the penis (carcinoma in situ )
bowens disease
erythroplasia of queyrat (erythroplakia)
Bowenoid papulosis
leukoplakia
bowen disease?
cis occur in follicle bearing epithelium such as on the penile shaft
erythroplakia
cis occurring within the penile mucocutenous epithelium namely the glans and prepuce
bowenoid papulosis
resembles cis, seen in young males, behaves in a benign fashion
multiple slightly elevated papule that are red to violet in color
leukoplakia
rare condition
solitary or multiple white scaly
pre malignancy is the presence of dysplasia in 10-20 cases
malignant tumors of the penis are?
primary SCC- 95%
others: basal CC, capos sarcoma, urethral carcinoma and metastases.
clinical presentation of tumor of the penis
skin abnormality/palpable lesion on the penis
occurs at an avg age of 50+
uncommon in young males
common signs: painless lump (25%) ulcer (13%) rash (6%) bleeding (4%) balanitis (4%)
inguinal lymphadenopathy is present in 30-60% at diagnosis
penile SCC subclassification
palpable lesion (48-65%)- low grade, nuclear atypical and graduated keratinization, well differentiated carcinoma.
papillary tumors (5-15%)- not associated with HPV
warty tumor (7-10%)- cauliflower like cancer associated with HPV
basaloid tumors (4-10%)- HPV related cancer that present as ulcerated irregular mass
verrucous tumor (3-8%)- low grade and associated with broad pushing border instead of infiltrative growth.
sarcomatous tumor (less than 1%)- deeply invasive ulcerated or rounded polypoid masses.
testicular tumor
germ cell tumor
sex cord stromal tumors
germ cell tumor (GCT)
seminomatous tumor: seminoma-30s-50%
spermocytic seminoma
nonseminomatous tumor (NSGCT)
Non seminomatous tumors
embryonal carcinoma yolk sac (endodermal sinus) tumor choriocarcinoma mixed GCT with teratoma-45% teratoma