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Maternity > Reproductive System Concerns (Week 12 Voice Over) > Flashcards

Reproductive System Concerns (Week 12 Voice Over) Flashcards

1
Q

amenorrhea

A

absence of menstral flow

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2
Q

3 types of amenorrhea

A
  • absence of menarche and secondary sexual characteristics by age of 13
  • absence of menses by age 16 regardless of presence of normal growth and development (primary)
  • a 6 month or more absence of menses after a period of menstruation (secondary)
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3
Q

primary amenoorhea

A

absence of menses by age 16 regardless of presence of normal growth and development

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4
Q

secondary amenorrhea

A

a 6 month or more absence of menses after a period of menstruation

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5
Q

most commonly what is amenorrhea a result of

A

pregnancy

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6
Q

what 3 things is the menstral cycle dependent on

A

neuro
endocrine
reproductive

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7
Q

steps to menstral cycle

A

GRH
pituitary
FSH/LH
ovaries to produce estrogen and progesterone
endometrium lining

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8
Q

when is the menstral cycle most irregular

A

2 years after onset
5 years before menopause
- cycles are anovulatory

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9
Q

moderalty obese girl
- early or late

A

early onset

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10
Q

high exercise/malnourished
- early or late

A

early

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11
Q

hypogonadrotropic amenorrhea is due to

A

stress
weight loss/strenous exercise
eating disorders
mental illness

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12
Q

cyclic perimenstral pain and discomfort (CPPD)

A

symptoms of discomfort during the menstral cycl

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13
Q

CPPD includes

A

dysmenorrhea
PMS
PMDD
symptom cluster

mood swings
pelvic pain
physical discomfort

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14
Q

dysmenorrhea

A

pain during or shortly before menstruation

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15
Q

when do adolescents have dysmenorrhea

A

have it in the first 3 years after starting period

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16
Q

what is one of the most common complaints

A

dysmenorrhea

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17
Q

who are we more likely to see dysmenorrhea in

A

early menarche
never been pregnant
lack physical exercise
obese
smoker

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18
Q

primary dysmenorrhea
- what is it associated with

A

ovulatory cycles
- estrogen and progestin present

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19
Q

what causes pain in primary dysmenorrhea

A

release of prostaglandins
- causes vasoconstriction which results in vasospasm which leads to ischemia and pain

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20
Q

how to alleviate pain in primary dysmenorrhea

A

heat
exercise
pelvic rocking
dietary: decrease salt and sugar

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21
Q

secondary dysmenorrhea what is it

A

acquired menstral pain that develops later in life than primary dysmenorrhea (after age 25)

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22
Q

type of pain in secondary dysmenorrhea

A

dull pain over lower abdomen, achy which goes to back and thighs, bloating

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23
Q

what is secondary dysmenorrhea usually asccoated with

A

popup/fibroids

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24
Q

how to diagnose secondary dysmenorrhea

A

US
DNC
biopsy

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25
how to treat secondary dysmenorrhea
removal of underlying cause
26
medical management for secondary dysmenorrhea
NSAIDS: good before bleeding starrs birth control: increase DVT accupuncture accupressure aromatherapy
27
PMS is a cluster of
physical psychological and behavioral symptoms
28
diet for PMS/PMDD
limit caffeine and alcohol increase grain
29
what is the severe variant of PMS
PMDD
30
endometriosis
presence and growth of endometrial tissue outside of the uterus
31
major symptoms of endometriosis
dysmenorrhea deep pelvic dyspareunia - painful intercourse pelvic heaviness noncyclic pelvic pain radiation to pain to thigh pain with exercise
32
in endometriosis is pain related/correlated to severity
no
33
drug therapy for endometrosis
suppress estrogen production to decrease FSH and LH putting into medical induced menopause
34
endometriosis is chronic
pain and disease with infertility
35
what is the theory for development of endometriosis
retrograde menstruation through fallopian tube and an immune response reaction
36
oligimenorrhea
infrequent, decrease in duration and or amount, longer than 40-45 days
37
hypomenorrhea
scant bleeding at normal interval
38
hypomenorrhea - cause
oral BC
39
metrorrhagia
intermentstral bleeding with spotting
40
menorrhagia (hypermenorrhea)
excessive menstral bleeding
41
menorrhagia (hypermenorrhea) - cause
hormonal systemic disease neoplasm infection IUD early preg loss fibroids
42
abnormal uterine bleeding
irregular in amount, duration, timing not related to regular menstral bleeding management: DNC
43
menopause
complete cessation of menses
44
what happens more frequently the closer to menopause - ovulation
anovulation - ovulation is less frequent
45
what happens to the menstral cycles closer to menopause
increase in length
46
what happens to the ovarian follicles closer to menopause
become less sensitive to hormonal sitimulation from FSH/LH
47
what happens to progesterone production closer to menopause
not produced by corpus lute
48
what happens to FSH values closer to menopause
elevated
49
physical changes in the perimenopausal period - bleeding
longer menstral periods that differ in type of bleeding - EX: 2-3 spotting then 3 days heavy regular followed by 2-3 days of spotting
50
physical changes in the perimenopausal period - genital changes
atrophy of vaginal and urethra due to decrease estrogen - vaginal dryness increase urinary freq stress incontience
51
physical changes in the perimenopausal period - vasomotor instability (hot flash/night sweat)
result of fluctuating estrogen levels
52
physical changes in the perimenopausal period - mood and behavior
increase of depression may grieve the childbearing may be relieved for no more risk of pregnancy
53
what is the first sign of osteoporosis
loss of height
54
why do perimenopausal women experience osteopsosis
osteoblasts need estrogen
55
why do perimenopausal experience CAD
change in lipid metabolism
56
menopausal hormonal therapy side effects
HA N/V feet edema wt gain breast soreness depression
57
what is commonly a result of pregnancy
amenorrhea
58
what is the most common gynecological problem with women
dysmenorrhea
59
when does PMS begin
luteal
60
what type of amenorrhea is endometriosis
2ndary
61
can osteopsosris be prevented
minimized with lifestyle changes and mediaiton
62

Maternity (25 decks)

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