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Maternity > Reproductive System Concerns (Week 12 Voice Over) > Flashcards

Reproductive System Concerns (Week 12 Voice Over) Flashcards

1
Q

amenorrhea

A

absence of menstral flow

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2
Q

3 types of amenorrhea

A
  • absence of menarche and secondary sexual characteristics by age of 13
  • absence of menses by age 16 regardless of presence of normal growth and development (primary)
  • a 6 month or more absence of menses after a period of menstruation (secondary)
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3
Q

primary amenoorhea

A

absence of menses by age 16 regardless of presence of normal growth and development

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4
Q

secondary amenorrhea

A

a 6 month or more absence of menses after a period of menstruation

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5
Q

most commonly what is amenorrhea a result of

A

pregnancy

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6
Q

what 3 things is the menstral cycle dependent on

A

neuro
endocrine
reproductive

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7
Q

steps to menstral cycle

A

GRH
pituitary
FSH/LH
ovaries to produce estrogen and progesterone
endometrium lining

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8
Q

when is the menstral cycle most irregular

A

2 years after onset
5 years before menopause
- cycles are anovulatory

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9
Q

moderalty obese girl
- early or late

A

early onset

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10
Q

high exercise/malnourished
- early or late

A

early

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11
Q

hypogonadrotropic amenorrhea is due to

A

stress
weight loss/strenous exercise
eating disorders
mental illness

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12
Q

cyclic perimenstral pain and discomfort (CPPD)

A

symptoms of discomfort during the menstral cycl

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13
Q

CPPD includes

A

dysmenorrhea
PMS
PMDD
symptom cluster

mood swings
pelvic pain
physical discomfort

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14
Q

dysmenorrhea

A

pain during or shortly before menstruation

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15
Q

when do adolescents have dysmenorrhea

A

have it in the first 3 years after starting period

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16
Q

what is one of the most common complaints

A

dysmenorrhea

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17
Q

who are we more likely to see dysmenorrhea in

A

early menarche
never been pregnant
lack physical exercise
obese
smoker

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18
Q

primary dysmenorrhea
- what is it associated with

A

ovulatory cycles
- estrogen and progestin present

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19
Q

what causes pain in primary dysmenorrhea

A

release of prostaglandins
- causes vasoconstriction which results in vasospasm which leads to ischemia and pain

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20
Q

how to alleviate pain in primary dysmenorrhea

A

heat
exercise
pelvic rocking
dietary: decrease salt and sugar

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21
Q

secondary dysmenorrhea what is it

A

acquired menstral pain that develops later in life than primary dysmenorrhea (after age 25)

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22
Q

type of pain in secondary dysmenorrhea

A

dull pain over lower abdomen, achy which goes to back and thighs, bloating

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23
Q

what is secondary dysmenorrhea usually asccoated with

A

popup/fibroids

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24
Q

how to diagnose secondary dysmenorrhea

A

US
DNC
biopsy

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25
Q

how to treat secondary dysmenorrhea

A

removal of underlying cause

26
Q

medical management for secondary dysmenorrhea

A

NSAIDS: good before bleeding starrs
birth control: increase DVT
accupuncture
accupressure
aromatherapy

27
Q

PMS is a cluster of

A

physical
psychological
and behavioral symptoms

28
Q

diet for PMS/PMDD

A

limit caffeine and alcohol
increase grain

29
Q

what is the severe variant of PMS

A

PMDD

30
Q

endometriosis

A

presence and growth of endometrial tissue outside of the uterus

31
Q

major symptoms of endometriosis

A

dysmenorrhea
deep pelvic dyspareunia
- painful intercourse

pelvic heaviness
noncyclic pelvic pain
radiation to pain to thigh
pain with exercise

32
Q

in endometriosis is pain related/correlated to severity

A

no

33
Q

drug therapy for endometrosis

A

suppress estrogen production to decrease FSH and LH putting into medical induced menopause

34
Q

endometriosis is chronic

A

pain and disease with infertility

35
Q

what is the theory for development of endometriosis

A

retrograde menstruation through fallopian tube and an immune response reaction

36
Q

oligimenorrhea

A

infrequent, decrease in duration and or amount, longer than 40-45 days

37
Q

hypomenorrhea

A

scant bleeding at normal interval

38
Q

hypomenorrhea
- cause

A

oral BC

39
Q

metrorrhagia

A

intermentstral bleeding with spotting

40
Q

menorrhagia (hypermenorrhea)

A

excessive menstral bleeding

41
Q

menorrhagia (hypermenorrhea)
- cause

A

hormonal
systemic disease
neoplasm
infection
IUD
early preg loss
fibroids

42
Q

abnormal uterine bleeding

A

irregular in amount, duration, timing
not related to regular menstral bleeding
management: DNC

43
Q

menopause

A

complete cessation of menses

44
Q

what happens more frequently the closer to menopause
- ovulation

A

anovulation
- ovulation is less frequent

45
Q

what happens to the menstral cycles closer to menopause

A

increase in length

46
Q

what happens to the ovarian follicles closer to menopause

A

become less sensitive to hormonal sitimulation from FSH/LH

47
Q

what happens to progesterone production closer to menopause

A

not produced by corpus lute

48
Q

what happens to FSH values closer to menopause

A

elevated

49
Q

physical changes in the perimenopausal period
- bleeding

A

longer menstral periods that differ in type of bleeding
- EX: 2-3 spotting then 3 days heavy
regular followed by 2-3 days of spotting

50
Q

physical changes in the perimenopausal period
- genital changes

A

atrophy of vaginal and urethra due to decrease estrogen
- vaginal dryness
increase urinary freq
stress incontience

51
Q

physical changes in the perimenopausal period
- vasomotor instability (hot flash/night sweat)

A

result of fluctuating estrogen levels

52
Q

physical changes in the perimenopausal period
- mood and behavior

A

increase of depression
may grieve the childbearing
may be relieved for no more risk of pregnancy

53
Q

what is the first sign of osteoporosis

A

loss of height

54
Q

why do perimenopausal women experience osteopsosis

A

osteoblasts need estrogen

55
Q

why do perimenopausal experience CAD

A

change in lipid metabolism

56
Q

menopausal hormonal therapy side effects

A

HA
N/V
feet edema
wt gain
breast soreness
depression

57
Q

what is commonly a result of pregnancy

A

amenorrhea

58
Q

what is the most common gynecological problem with women

A

dysmenorrhea

59
Q

when does PMS begin

A

luteal

60
Q

what type of amenorrhea is endometriosis

A

2ndary

61
Q

can osteopsosris be prevented

A

minimized with lifestyle changes and mediaiton

62
Q
A

Maternity (25 decks)

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