Reproductive System

Question 1

Reproduction

Answer 1

process that include the formation of gametes, the physiological preparation for pregnancy, sexual intercourse, fertilization and lactation, and labor and delivery

Question 2

Seminiferous tubules

Answer 2

the actual site of sperm production

Question 3

Testis

Answer 3

structure which houses the seminiferous tubules

Question 4

Scrotum

Answer 4

a skin covered bag suspended from the groin

Question 5

Epididymis

Answer 5

storage compartment for the sperm (up to 4 weeks)

Question 6

Vas deferens-(sperm duct)

Answer 6

tubules which conduct sperms from the epididymis thru the penis during ejaculation.

Question 7

Urethra

Answer 7

a structure that carries both urine and sperms to the outside of the body through the penis (although not at the same time).

Question 8

Penis

Answer 8

a structure which consists mainly of tissue that can fill with blood to cause an erection during sexual arousal. This structure consists of a shaft that supports the glans or head of the penis

Question 9

The penis contains a

Answer 9

–Glans-the head of the penis which is richly supplied with nerve endings and is highly sensitive to stimulation
–
–Foreskin=a fold of skin that covers the glans. This is removed during circumcision
–Meatus-the opening in the glans

Question 10

Accessory glands

Answer 10

There are three sets of glands which are associated with the male reproductive system
–Seminal vesicles (two) secrete a thick, clear fluid that lubricates and nourishes the sperms
–Prostate gland-secretes a milky, alkaline fluid that balances the acidity of any traces of urine in the urethra and helps protect the sperm from the natural acidity of vagina

Question 11

Ovaries

Answer 11

almond shaped structures which contain anywhere between 40,000-400,000 follicles. Only several hundred of these follicles will be released during her reproductive years.

Question 12

Fallopian tubes or oviducts

Answer 12

this resembles a funnel fringed with fingerlike projections. The mature egg will pass from the ovaries to these tubes on its way to the uterus

Question 13

Uterus

Answer 13

commonly called the womb. It is the actual site of pregnancy. It has a thick muscular wall, and its inner lining (the endometrium) is richly supplied with blood vessels

Question 14

Cervix

Answer 14

the narrow neck of the uterus

Question 15

Vagina

Answer 15

a thin-walled, muscular chamber that serves as the birth canal through which the baby is expelled. It also accommodates the male’s penis during copulation

Question 16

Labia minora

Answer 16

skin folds which border the opening of the vagina

Question 17

Labia majora

Answer 17

thick and fatty ridges that protect the entire genital region

Question 18

Hymen

Answer 18

thin membrane which partly covers the vaginal opening. IT HAS NO KNOWN FUNCTION

Question 19

Bartholin’s glands

Answer 19

located near the vaginal opening. It secrete lubricating fluid during sexual arousal.

Question 20

Clitoris

Answer 20

important for sexual arousal. THIS IS ITS SOLE PURPOSE

Question 21

MENSTRUATION

Answer 21

The monthly process of discharging blood and other matter from the womb that occurs between puberty and menopause

Question 22

Hormones associated with the menstrual cycle

Answer 22

–Estrogen
–Progesterone
–GnRH
–FSH
–LH

Question 23

menstration process

Answer 23

• At the start of menstruation, the hypothalamus secretes GnRH
• This stimulates the pituitary gland to release FSH
• FSH stimulates the follicles to grow
• The maturing egg will begin to secrete estrogen
• As the levels of estrogen increase, the pituitary gland will begin to secrete LH
• LH triggers ovulation which is the release of the egg
• Progesterone and estrogen are secreted by the egg will maintain the endometrium if pregnancy occurs
• The rise in progesterone and estrogen will inhibit FSH and LH secretion during the last phase of the cycle
• Low levels of estrogen and progesterone signals the endometrium to break down.
• The production of prostaglandins help to dispel the endometrium
• Menstruation occurs for 3-6 days
• the cycle begins again
• Average cycle is 28 days.

Question 24

Fertilization

Answer 24

Union of the sperm and egg- during this process, the nucleus of the sperm fuses with the nucleus of the egg. This forms a zygote.
•Fertilization usually takes place in the fallopian tubes.

Question 25

DEVELOPMENT of fertilization

Answer 25

First cleavage takes about 12 hours to complete
•By the 4th day, a structure called a morula is formed (this consists of about 200 cells)
•The morula turns into a structure called a blastula around day 6. This structure consists 500-2000 cells.
•The blastula is carried down the fallopian tube and enters the uterus where it implants in the endometrium. (this occurs anywhere between days 6-8 after conception.

Question 26

First week of fertilization development

Answer 26

fertilization, cleavage and implantation

Question 27

second week of fertilization development

Answer 27

gastrulation (formation of the distinct layers-ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm

Question 28

Third week of fertilization development

Answer 28

neuralation (development of the nervous system) and initiation of the heartbeat

Question 29

Fourth week of fertilization development

Answer 29

organogenesis (formation of the major organs

Question 30

Fifth week of fertilization development

Answer 30

arm and leg buds from.

Question 31

sixth week of fertilization development

Answer 31

muscle and skin finish developing

Question 32

seventh-eighth week of fertilization development

Answer 32

every organs is in place and functioning. At the point, the embryo becomes a fetus.