Reproductive System

Question 0

Male Testes (2)

Answer 0

Housed in scrotum, which is 3 degrees lower than body temperature

Contain seminiferous tubules that are lined with spermatocytes

spermatocytes -> spermatogenesis -> sperm

Takes 20 days travel time for sperm to mature & make it thru epididymis

Question 1

Function of

Reproductive System

Answer 1

Produce gametes

Produce offspring

Only place in the body that uses meiosis for egg & sperm development

Question 2

Flow of Sperm

Answer 2

Seminiferous tubules->
Epididymis ->
Vas Deferens->
Ejaculatory duct (in prostate gland) ->
Urethra (penis)->
Out of body

Question 3

Male glands

Answer 3

1. Seminal vesicle
   - 60% of fluid
   - alkaline
   - fructose ->energy-to be able for sperm to swim up the Fallopian tube & fertilize egg
2. Prostate gland
   - 30% of fluid
   - acidic
   - prostaglandin: causes reverse parastalysis in the uterus. Causes uterus to pull sperm up into the uterus to promote fertilization
3. Bulbourethral glands (Cowper’s gland)
   - 10% of fluid
   - alkaline
   - neutralize urinary acids
   - secreted prior to ejaculation to neutralize acids

Question 4

Female

Ovaries (2)

Answer 4

Primary follicle with egg/oocyte->

Secondary follicle ->

Mature follicle (graffian follicle)

Question 5

Ovarian Cycle

Answer 5

28-30 day cycle

LH & FSH->Days 1-13 Follicular Phase - primary follicle develops to the mature follicle

Days 14-15 Ovulation - mature follicle ruptures; releases the egg. Spike in estrogen; kicks off ovulation. Spike in temperature 1-2 degrees

Days 16-30. Corpus Luteal Phase - follicle in ovary develops a structure called corpus luteum, which produce progesterone

Question 6

Uterine Cycle

Answer 6

Duration 28-30 days

Days 1-7. Menses: shedding endometrial lining of uterus. Levels of progesterone drop. Kicks off menses. Very thin lining

Days 8-15. Profilerative Phase: endometrial lining is thickening. Endometrial lining prepares for fertilized egg. Estrogen helps this process.

Days 16-30. SecretoryPhase: endometrium continues to thicken. Progesterone

Question 7

Where does fertilization occur?

Answer 7

In the Fallopian tube

Has 3-4 day travel time to uterus

Question 8

Pregnancy hormone levels

Answer 8

Progesterone levels high

Estrogen levels low. Because high estrogen levels will produce another egg, which is not needed since already pregnant