Reproductive System Flashcards
Asexual reproduction
1 parent cell
no sperm or egg
offspring genetically identical to parent
3 types of asexual reproduction
binary fission
budding
regeneration
Sexual reproduction
Exchange of DNA involved between 2 parents
off springs are mix of parents
variation is an advantage for these species
conjunction
exchange of DNA
Ferdilization
Joining of sperm and egg or gametes
Gametogenisis
Formation of gametes meiotic cell division
male reproductive system
bladder
penis
testes
scrotum
urethra
sperm duct
prostate
sperm
produced in testes
travels up sperm duct
fluid added (semen)
released through urethra
female reproductive system
ovary
uterus
cervix
vagina
urethra
bladder
Fallopian tube
ovary
contains and releases eggs
Fallopian tube
where fertilization occurs
uterus
Site for fetal development
vigina
birth cannal
puberty
Sex hormones in both male and females are released resulting in secondary sex characteristics developing. Menstruating begins. Age 10-16
Menopause
The ceasing of the menstrual cycle. Somewhere around 50 years old
Menstrual cycle duration
28 day cycle
Menstrual cycle involved hormones
FSH - follicle growth and ovulation, pituitary gland
LH - follicle growth and ovulation, pituitary gland
Progesterone - Lining of the uterus
Estrogen - lining of the uterus and ovulation
cleavage
mitotic cell division
ovulation
egg released from follicle into fulpian tube
Implantation
egg goes into uterine lining
Embryonic Development
1.) Zygote - fertilized egg
2.) Cleavage - mitotic cell division
3.) Blastula - Hollow ball of cells
4.) Gastrulation - Three germ layers form
5.) Diffrentation - proteins activate some genes to become specilized and form organs
Differentiation
three layers begin to syntheisze diffrent proteins to activate diffrent genes to form organs
Embryo
Human offspring (weeks 2-8)
Zygote
fertilized egg undergoes rapid mitosis
Fetus
human offspring
Placenta
where the nutrients coming from the mother’s bloodstream diffuses into the child’s bloodstream
Umbilical cord
connects the fetus to the placenta
cervix
dilates through labor to allow delivery
Amniotic sac
filled with fluid to cushion the fetus
Months 1-3
Most of the organs are developed. Umbilical cord and sac are formed.
Months 4-6
tissue are becoming more complex and heart beat can be heard
Months 7-9
mostly growth and lungs become read for the baby to breath on their own
Gestation
time it takes for a fetus to fully develop to human (40 weeks)
Labor and delivery
hormone Oxycontin released which stimulates uterine muscles to contract (labor). Cervix dilates and than the baby is delivered through the vagina.
Luteal phase
after the egg is released from the ovary, the follicle is turned into the corpus luteum (a big yellow ball of cells) corpus luteam disapears if egg not fertilized
polar bodies
Small haploid cell formed at the same time as egg cell (female, meiosis)
Risk of when mother is smoking while carrining a fetus after birth
low birth weight
vas deferens
Transports semen
interior fertilization
Sperm fertilizes egg inside the female,
1 egg fertilized
exterior fertilization
Many eggs fertilized
not inside the female
Blastocyst
Ball of cells with a fluid-filled cavity inside.
