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LASx Final > Reproductive Surgery of the Bull > Flashcards

Reproductive Surgery of the Bull Flashcards

1
Q

Integrity of the dorsal nerve of the penis is essential for

a. Erection
b. Ejaculation
c. Intromission
d. Urination

A

b. Ejaculation

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2
Q

Prolapse of the prepuce is mainly a problem of

a. Bos taurus
b. Bos indicus
c. beef bulls
d. Dairy bulls

A

b. Bos indicus

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3
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Preputial avulsion is almost exclusively a problem of bulls in AI studs

A

TRUE

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4
Q

Penile anesthesia may be achieved by:

a. Dorsal nerve block
b. Pudendal nerve block
c. Epidural block
d. Superficial inguinal nerve black
e. All of the above

A

a. Dorsal nerve block
b. Pudendal nerve block

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5
Q

The site ate which penile hematomas usually occurs in bulls is

a. Dorsolateral
b. ventral
c. near tip of the penis
d. Proximal to the sigmoid flexure

A

a. Dorsolateral

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6
Q

The ___ is the pink membrane that lies along the shaft when the penis is extended.

A

Lamina interna

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7
Q

The ____ runs all the way down the penis and provides sensation to the glans pensi. If this is damaged or changed, the animal will not have a normal ejaculatory response.

A

Dorsal nerve.

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8
Q

The dorsal nerve is a branch off of the _____ n.

A

Pudendal

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9
Q

During erection, the _____ muscles contract, making the penis a closed circulatory system, causing extremely high blood pressure.

A

Bulbospongiousus & Ischiocavernosus.

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10
Q

What is the artery involved in erection?

A

Deep artery of the penis

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11
Q

What are the methods of examining the penis?

A
  • Manual (young bulls only)
  • Sedation - xylazine & acepromazine
  • Pudendal Nerve block
  • View matting attempt
  • Imaging - Radiographs, ultrasonography
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12
Q

What is the BEST way to examine the penis and why?

A

Observing Mating attempt - some disorders are not visible unless an attempt is made

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13
Q

When is the best time to castrate a bull?

A

EARLY

1-3 months

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14
Q

TRUE/FALSE

If done early enough, castration procedures are very minor and do not require analgesia.

A

FALSE.

ALWAYS USE ANALGESIA

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15
Q

Name this castration device.

A

Elastrator

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16
Q

Name this castration device

A

Newberry knife

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17
Q

Name this castration device

What is special about this device?

A

Callicrate

It is considered painless because of its 100% occlusion

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18
Q

Name this castration device

Bonus: what specific technique must be done?

A

Burdizzo

Opposing spermatic cords need to be staggered. If not, necrosis of the entire scrotum will occur.

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19
Q

What is the condition in this picture?

How does this happen?

A

Ulcer of Preputial Orifice

  • Hair is clipped too short
  • Urine Accumulates
  • Urease-producing organisms produce ammonia
  • Ulceration, Secondary infection
20
Q

What is the condition in the picture and how does it occur?

A

Decubital ulcer in Rams
•Show rams -overweight, little exercise (confined), recumbant
•Resist conservative treatment
•Require surgical excision

21
Q

Decubital ulcers in rams occurs on the ____ aspect of the preputial orifice.

A

Dorsal

22
Q

What is the condition seen in the image?

A

Prolapsed penis

23
Q

____ are predisposed to prolapsed penises because of thir long pendulous prepuces.

A

Bos indicus

24
Q

How can prolapse of the prepuce be treated?

A

Exercise/hydrotherapy to decrease swelling

Support prepuse against body with bandage (early stages only)

25
Q

_____ is a type of stenosis that results in inability to extend the penis.

A

Phimosis

26
Q

_____ is a type of stenosis that results in inability to retract the penis.

A

Paraphimosis

PaRaphimosis - can’t Retract

27
Q

Treatment for stenosis is to remove the scar tissue. What is a complication that may occur from this surgery and how can it be fixed.

A

Cicatrix - minor constriction as a consequence of a circumferential incision

Surgical Treatment: Make a LONGITUDINAL incision and suture TRANSVERSELY

28
Q

What kind of bulls suffer from preputial avulation/penile laceration?

A

AI bulls Only - usually after return from lay off

*Hit artificial vagina so hard that they tear the lamina interna during collection

29
Q

TRUE/FALSE

Preputial avulsion /penile laceration may be related to hypertrophy of the lamina interna of the prepuce.

A

FALSE

possibly related to ATROPHY

30
Q

_____ is the best option to treat preputial avulsion/penile laceration.

A

Prompt surgery

31
Q

What is the condition in the image?

What causes it? How can you treat it?

A

Persistent frenulum

  • Inherited
  • Easily corrected surgically
32
Q

What are the different ways to anesthetize a penis?

A
33
Q

What is the importance of this disorder? How is it treated?

A

Fibropapilloma

Renders bulls unsound for breeding
Treat easiy with crytherapy, sharp dissection, cautery
Can be vaccinated

34
Q

What causes this disorder? How can it be treated?

A

Penile deviation

Caused by premature slip of the apical ligament.
Treat by taking it or adding strips of fascia lata

35
Q

This condition is known as ____. How is it treated?

A

rainbow penis (Ventral deviation)

-treat like other deviaiton - tack or attach fascia lata

36
Q

How can erection failure be differentiated from ventral deviation?

A

Erection failure is a floppy penis - rainbow penis is firm.

May also use Contrast cavernosography

37
Q

This contrast radiography is used to diagnose erection failure (through leakage) and is called ____.

Describe the procedure

A

Contrast cavernosography

Contrast media is inserted into corpus cavernosum

Penis is twisted and radiographs taken

Objective is to get Horizon shot of leak

38
Q

TRUE/FALSE

This is a penile hematoma and is typically self-limiting without serious implications.

A

FALSE

May result in abscess. Bull is out for the season and is usually a death sentence.

Occurs DORSOLATERALLY always

39
Q

What prevents penile hematomas from occuring ventrally?

A

Rectractor penis muscle

40
Q

Vesiculitis is treated with _______.

A

Vesiculectomy

41
Q

How can vesiculitis be diagnosed?

A
  • Leukospermia
  • Rectal palpation
  • Ultrasound
42
Q

What is the age of onset for vesiculitis?

A
  • Young bulls @ puberty
  • Older mature bulls
43
Q

What are the methods of creating a teaser bull?

A
  • *-Vasectomy/Epididectomy
  • Penile Translocation**
  • Preputial pouch
  • Corpus cavernosal block
  • Anchoring of sigmoid flexure
44
Q

TRUE/FALSE

The easiest way to perform a vasectomy/epididymectomy is using a cranial approach.

A

TRUE

45
Q

What pathology is occuring here?

A

Vesiculitis

46
Q

This bull was turned into a teaser by using the ______ method.

A

Penile translocation

47
Q

TRUE/FALSE

This is a congenital abnormality.

A

FALSE

Torn nose ring. Repair by suturing it.

LASx Final (7 decks)

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