Reproductive Strategies Flashcards
What part of the amniotic egg allows gaseous exchange from placenta in mammals?
Chorion
What part of the amniotic egg prevents dehydration and mechanical injury?
Amnion
What part of the amniotic egg is a reservoir for nitrogenous waste?
Allantois
What part of the amniotic egg provides nutrition for embryos?
Yolk sac
Which part of the amniotic egg provides protection and prevents dehydration?
Shell
Advantages of vivipary:
- reduced egg numbers
- nourishment and protection
- provides parental care
Advantages of ovovivipary:
- large amount of yolk
- protection from predators
- young born fully developed
Advantages of ovipary:
- aquatic: many eggs with small amounts of yolk(less energy)
- land: very few eggs(more yolk, more protection, parental care)
Disadvantages of ovipary:
- aquatic: often very little parental care
- land: susceptible to predators
Disadvantages of internal fertilisation:
- finding a mate
- fewer reproduction opportunities
- longer gestation
Disadvantage of external fertilisation
- wasteful number of eggs
- fertilisation not certain
Advantages of internal fertilisation:
- fertilisation is more certain
- fewer gametes needed
- protective shell/yolk
Advantages of external fertilisation
- large number of gametes to avoid predation
- courtship rituals bring gametes closer
Ovovivipary:
- eggs are fertilised internally
- eggs are kept inside then hatched internally
Vivipary:
- internal fertilisation
- eggs do not have shell
- born live
What type of fertilisation has eggs develop outside?
Ovipary
What type of fertilisation does not use water to transport sperm? (External/internal)
Internal
What type of vertebrates use internal fertilisation?
Terrestrial
What type of vertebrates use external fertilisation?
Aquatic
Where does external fertilisation take place?
Water
Fertilisation
The fusing of a haploid male gamete (sperm) with a haploid female gamete (egg/ovum) to form a diploid zygote
