Reproductive pathogens - cattle Flashcards
what is metritis?
inflam of uterus, bacterial infection usually
name two types of metritis and breifly desc
- clinical = no systemic illness, discharge
2. purpural = acute dz, no milk, anorexic, watery discharge, resp to abx
name three common bacteria which cause metritis
- e coli (g-)
- trueperella/arcanobacterium/corynebacterium pyogenes (g+)
- fusobacterium necrophorum (g-)
when is e coli most likely to be the cause?
1-3 DIM
1 wk post-partum
why is it that LPS is important all the time?
required for bacterial survival
causes strong immune response
endotoxaemia and hypersen III
virulent factor
why can trueperella be opportunistic pathogen, and not all the time?
because its virulence factor (pyolysis, PLO) cannot penetrate epithelial cells so if still intact - no infection
what is the primary virulence factor of f. necrophorum?
leukotoxin
seen at 1-3 (with e coli) and 8-12 DIM
name a virus which is tropic for endometrial cells
bovine herpes 4
describe the difference bw clinical and subclinical endometritis
clinical = inflam of endometriu from bacterial infection, purulent discharge at 21+ DIM
subclinical = inflam by bacterial inection, inc PMNs and NO discharge
what might cause cervicitis and what would be seen?
parturition (dystocia)
mixed infection usually
purulent vaginal disharge
what viral agent often causes vaginitis and what/who is responsible for tranmission
bovine herpes virus 1 = IBR
bull transmits to cow and causes abortions
an intra-uterine accumulation of pus if called?
pyometra
what usually causes pyometra?
a persistant CL
define ‘abortion’
any foetus born before d270 (notifiable to check for brucellosis)
what spp of campy causes bovine abortions?
campylobacter fetus venerealis
At what month gestation do many of the infectious abortive agents act?
month 4
or the whole gestation
why is it important to vaccinate against IBR
as can be latent (until pregnant)
which BVD virus genotype is of most concern in the UK?
type 1, which is mild
what does PI stand for?
persistently infected
which biotype of each BVD genotype causes PI animals
cytopathic biotype - chronic mucosal dz. the non-cytopathic rarely causes clinical sign
why are calves often PI with BVD
naive immune system (at d95-120) does’nt recognise BVD as foriegn so becomes PI and then susceptible to cytopathic form when born. if infected later in gestation will be born + OR - dz
name a spirochete which causes bovine abortions
leptospirosis (interrogans and borgpetersensii)
which salmonella spp is most responsible for abortions?
dublin
I am a notifiable bacteria UK doesnt like me intracelllular path lifelong infection necrotic cotyledons and placentitis --> abortion what am i?
brucella abortus
